Reference soil Australia 01: Solonetz

AU001

Solonetzes occur where a sodium source supplies the clay-rich subsoil with exchangeable Na, causing peptization of clay and organic substances and deterioration of the topsoil.

Characteristics

Soils having a natric horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon and more than 15% exchangeable sodium) within 100 cm from the soil surface.

Distribution of Solonetz (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil AU001: Solonetz

No samples.

Classification

WRB 1998

Gleyi-Salic- Solonetz

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Gleyic Solonetz

Local classification:	HAS: Solonchak; FK: Dy 1.43

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)	Typic Natraqualf
USDA-SCS (1975)	Typic Natraqualf aquic fine mixed thermic

Profile description

Ahz1 0-7 cm	(10YR 3.5/2, dry) very dark brown (10YR 2/2, moist)fine sandy loam,weak angular blocky to weak crumb,10YR 3.5 2 10YR 2 2,many very fine and fine roots,abrupt boundary to,
Ahz2 7-10 cm	(10YR 3.5/1.5, dry) very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist)clay,moderate angular blocky to moderate granular,10YR 3.5 1.5 10YR 3 2,friable,many very fine and fine roots,abrupt boundary to,
Btn 10-18 cm	white (10YR 8/2, dry)clay,10YR 8 2,clear boundary to,
Btnk 18-28 cm	white (10YR 8/2, dry)clay,(10YR 7/3),frequent soft calcareous concretions few large hard calcareous concretions,clear boundary to,
C1 28-43 cm	white (10YR 8/2, dry)abrupt boundary to,
C2 43-66 cm	very pale brown (10YR 7/3, dry)sandy loam,diffuse boundary to,
C3 66-91 cm	pale brown (10YR 6/3, dry)sandy clay,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	mixed lithology and composition
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	lacustrine sediments
Texture of parent material	loamy
Texture of parent material (second entry)	clayey

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	semi-natural grassland, grazed
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: Cladium filum, Distichlis, Distichophylla, Agropyrum sp., Danthonia sp. and Salicornia sp.
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	grassland

Altitude	19m
Physiographic Unit	former lagoon
Physiographic position of the site	depression
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	coastal plain
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	imperfect
(Estimated) maximum (lower) depth to groundwater table	100cm
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	apparent
(Estimated) minimum (upper) depth to groundwater table	30cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	slow
Estimated run off (class)	very slow

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	moderately alkaline
Surface cracking	no cracks observed
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	moderately saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Australia 01: Solonetz

Characteristics

Reference soil AU001: Solonetz

Classification