Reference soil Australia 22: Acrisol

AU022

Acrisols occur dominantly in the wetter parts of the tropics and subtropics and the warm temperate regions in relatively young landscapes.

Characteristics

Soils having an argic horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon), which has a cation exchange capacity of less than 24 cmolc per kg in some part, either starting within 100 cm from the soil surface, or within 200 cm from the soil surface if the argic horizon is overlain by loamy sand or coarser textures throughout. They have a base saturation (total amount of Ca, Mg, K and Na with respect to the cation exchange capacity) of less than 50 percent in the major part between 25 and 100 cm from the soil surface

Distribution of Acrisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil AU022: Acrisols

Classification

WRB 1998
Acrisol
FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988		FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974
Ferric Acrisol		Ferric Acrisol

Local classification:

HAS: Xanthozem; FK: Gn3.54

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Paleustult ustic clayey kaolinitic pergelic

Profile description

Ah1 0-10 cm	brown (10YR 5/3, dry) (dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist)loam,strong crumb and moderate to strong fine and medium subangular blocky,hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,common fine distinct clear mottles (10YR 5/6),common very fine pores and few pores,many very fine few fine roots,very few fine gravel fresh quartz very few fine gravel weathered phyllite fragments,frequent pedotubules and coprogenic elements,non calcareous 10% HCl,gradual boundary to,
Ah2 10-20 cm	reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6, dry) strong brown (7.5YR 5/6, moist)clay loam,moderate coarse angular blocky,hard very friable sticky plastic,common medium distinct clear mottles (10YR 5/6) and common medium distinct mottles (10YR 6/4),common very fine pores and few pores,many very fine roots,very few fine gravel fresh quartz very few fine gravel weathered phyllite fragments,frequent pedotubules,non calcareous 10% HCl,gradual boundary to,
Bt1 20-45 cm	reddish yellow (5YR 6/6, dry) yellowish red (5YR 5/6, moist)clay,moderate coarse angular blocky parting to strong very fine angular blocky,hard very friable sticky plastic,common medium distinct clear mottles (10YR 5/6) and common medium distinct mottles (10YR 6/4),common very fine pores and few pores,common very fine roots,few hard manganiferous concretions,very few fine gravel fresh quartz very few fine gravel weathered phyllite fragments,frequent pedotubules,non calcareous 10% HCl,diffuse boundary to,
Bt2 45-110 cm	yellowish red (5YR 4/6, moist)clay,strong very fine angular blocky,hard very friable sticky plastic,common fine distinct clear mottles (10YR 6/8) and common fine distinct mottles (2.5YR 4/6),common very fine pores,few very fine roots,few hard manganiferous concretions,very few fine gravel fresh quartz very few fine gravel weathered phyllite fragments,few pedotubules,non calcareous 10% HCl,diffuse boundary to,
110-179 cm	red (2.5YR 4/6, moist)clay,moderate to strong very fine angular blocky,hard firm sticky plastic,common fine distinct clear mottles (10YR 7/8) and common fine distinct mottles (5YR 5/8),few very fine pores,very few fine gravel fresh quartz very few fine gravel weathered phyllite fragments,non calcareous 10% HCl,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	shale
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	fluvial
Remarks on Parent Materials	fan alluvium of locally transported material derived from Permian phyllites
Texture of parent material (second entry)	clayey
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	partially or moderately

Land improvements ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	land clearing
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	cultivated pasture
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	LAND USE: Dairying with associated pig raising and some cash crops (e.g. french beans). At sample site there is a rough pasture of kikuya, blady grass and white clover.
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	evergreen forest

Altitude	61m
Physiographic Unit	basal hill slope
Physiographic position of the site	lower slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	hill
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	hilly

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	moderately well
Dry From - To	0-60cm
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Moist From - To	60-240cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Estimated run off (class)	rapid

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline

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Reference soil Australia 22: Acrisol

Characteristics

Reference soil AU022: Acrisols

Classification