Reference soil Belgium 02: Albeluvisol

BE002

Albeluvisols occur mainly in the moist and cool temperate regions (dominantly regions with a cool continental climate), particularly in Eastern Europe and central USA/Canada.

Characteristics

Soils having an argic horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon) within 100 cm from the soil surface. The argic horizon has an irregular upper boundary resulting from "albeluvic tonguing".

Distribution of Albeluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil BE002: Albeluvisols

REFERENCE: Mitteilungen de Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, Band 3, Göttingen 1965, pp. 105-107 (profile 9)

Classification

WRB 2006

WRB 1998

Stagnic-Gleyic-Fragic- Albeluvisol (Ruptic Hyperdystric Siltic)

Fragi-Gleyic- Albeluvisol (Siltic Hyperdystric)

20-43 cm	albic horizon
43-106 cm	argic horizon
59-106 cm	fragic horizon
-	reducing conditions
-	albeluvic tonguing
-	gleyic colour pattern

0-20 cm	ochric horizon
20-43 cm	albic horizon
43-106 cm	argic horizon
53-106 cm	fragic horizon
-	gleyic
-	albeluvic tonguing

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Dystri-Gleyic Podzoluvisol fragipan

Dystric Podzoluvisol fragipan

0-12 cm	ochric A horizon
20-43 cm	albic E horizon
43-106 cm	argic B horizon
-	gleyic
-	tonguing

0-20 cm	ochric A horizon
20-43 cm	albic E horizon
43-106 cm	argillic B horizon
-	hydromorphic
-	tonguing

Local classification:	Sol lessivé très fortement gleyifié

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Ochraquult aquic coarse-silty mixed frigid

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
6-20	-	-	-	-	-	-	16	38.3	30.4	68.7	15.3
20-43	-	-	-	-	-	-	15.5	36.5	29.9	66.4	18.1
43-59	-	-	-	-	-	-	30.5	19.1	14.8	33.9	35.7
59-106	-	-	-	-	-	-	38.8	16.3	21.0	37.3	23.9

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
6-20	-	-	-	-	15.3
20-43	-	-	-	-	18.1
43-59	-	-	-	-	35.7
59-106	-	-	-	-	23.9

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-2	4.0	-	-	-	39.50	1.27	31	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2-6	-	-	-	-	28.40	0.86	33	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
6-20	3.6	3.2	-	-	6.26	0.14	45	-	-	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.67
20-43	4.5	3.7	-	-	1.53	0.04	38	-	-	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.22
43-59	4.2	3.8	-	-	0.40	0.03	13	-	-	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.25
59-106	4.2	3.7	-	-	0.14	0.03	5	-	-	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.25

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
6-20	3	22.0	-	9.8	-	-	-
20-43	2	13.2	-	2.8	-	-	-
43-59	2	13.2	-	1.4	-	-	-
59-106	3	7.9	-	0.5	-	-	-

Profile description

Oi 0-2 cm	leaves slightlyhighly porous (>60 vol%),abrupt smooth boundary to,
2-6 cm	black (10YR 2/1, moist)leaves highly,crumb,friable,highly porous (>60 vol%),many roots,abrupt smooth boundary to,
Ah1 6-15 cm	black (10YR 2/1, moist)loam,massive,friable,highly porous (>60 vol%),many roots,clear smooth boundary to,
Ah2 15-20 cm	dark brown (10YR 3/3, moist)loam,weak angular blocky,moderately porous (40-60 vol%),many roots,clear smooth boundary to,
Eg1 20-35 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)silty clay loam,weak angular blocky,diffuse smooth boundary to,
Eg2 35-43 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)silty clay loam,many faint mottles (2.5Y 8/2),clear smooth boundary to,
2BCg 43-59 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)silty clay slightly gravelly,strong coarse angular blocky,slightly sticky slightly plastic,many coarse prominent mottles (10YR 6/8),few roots,very few coarse gravel fresh quartz fragments,gradual smooth boundary to,
2Cg 59-106 cm	(2.5Y 7/1, moist)silty clay loam slightly gravelly,massive,hard non sticky non plastic,few prominent mottles (10YR 6/8),very few coarse gravel fresh quartz fragments,strongly cemented pans,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	sediment, unconsolidated
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	eolian loess
Remarks on Parent Materials	loess overlying Carboniferous clays and pebbles, and Aachenian sands at an approximate depth of 40 cm
Soil Depth	106cm
Texture of parent material	silty
Texture of parent material (second entry)	silty
Weathering Resistance	moderate
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	partially or moderately

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	afforestation
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: State forest with European oak (Quercus) and pine trees (Pinus), admixture of Myrtillus, Pteris aquilina, Picea, and Deschampsia LANDUSE: State forest of mediocre quality
Status of vegetation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	secondary
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	semi-deciduous forest

Altitude	285m
Physiographic Unit	summit
Physiographic position of the site	crest
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	plateau
Slope	1%
Form of the slope surrounding the site	straight
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	very poor
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Moist From - To	0-100cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Estimated run off (class)	very slow
Drainage class - intergrade; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	poor

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Surface cracking	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost (USDA/SCS, 1979)	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Belgium 02: Albeluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil BE002: Albeluvisols

Classification