Reference soil Brazil 26: Ferralsol

BR026

Distribution of Ferralsols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Very deep, well drained, dark red clay derived from highly weathered parent material; weakly coherent porous massive structure. Consistency Ah/AB is soft to slightly hard. Brazilian structure description: 'ultrapequena' granular. Porosity is extremely high (more than 5pores/cm2). Koppen climate: Aw bordering to Cwa due to altitude induced lower temperatures. *) Brazilian classification: Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro Distrofico muito argiloso.

WRB 2006:

WRB 1998:

Posic Gibbsic Ferralsol(Humic Hyperdystric Clayic)

Humi- Gibbsic Ferralsol(Posic Hyperdystric)

12-550 cm	ferralic horizon
	geric properties

0-35 cm	ochric horizon
35-550 cm	ferralic horizon
	geric properties

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988:

FAO-UNESCO 1974:

Humi-

Ferralic Cambisol

Acric Ferralsol

cerrado phase

0-0 cm	cambic B horizon
0-35 cm	ochric A horizon
	geric properties
	strongly humic

0-35 cm	ochric A horizon
35-550 cm	oxic B horizon

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)

Anionic

Acrustox

USDA-SCS (1975)

Anionic

Acrustox

very fine

kaolinitic

isohyperthermic

Classification (other)

Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrófico muito argiloso

Location:

Distrito Federal, Brasília, Jardim Botânico

More images

Physical

Particle size distribution:

Depth (cm)		Gravel (%)	Very Coarse Sand (%)	Coarse Sand (%)	Medium Sand (%)	Fine Sand (%)	Very Fine Sand (%)	Total Sand (%)	Coarse Silt (%)	Fine Silt (%)	Total Silt (%)	Clay (%)
0-12	:	-	0.5	0.8	1.3	3.7	1.4	7.7	4.7	18.1	22.8	69.4
12-35	:	-	0.2	0.5	0.8	4.1	1.4	7.0	5.8	10.6	16.4	76.6
35-60	:	-	0.2	0.4	0.8	3.9	1.4	6.7	5.9	9.7	15.6	77.7
60-100	:	-	0.2	0.5	0.8	3.7	1.4	6.6	8.2	13.2	21.4	72.2
100-150	:	-	0.4	0.7	1.0	4.3	1.6	8.0	10.6	13.5	24.1	67.8
150-250	:	-	0.3	0.5	0.8	4.2	1.5	7.3	13.7	15.4	29.1	63.6
250-350	:	-	0.3	0.5	0.7	3.6	1.6	6.7	12.0	14.1	26.1	67.3
350-450	:	-	0.3	0.4	0.5	3.4	1.5	6.1	7.7	10.3	18.0	75.9
450-550	:	-	0.4	0.4	0.8	4.0	1.8	7.4	9.6	11.9	21.5	71.1

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)		Bulk Density (kg/dm³)	pF 0 (% w/v)	pF 1.0 (% w/v)	pF 1.5 (% w/v)	pF 2.0 (% w/v)	pF 2.3 (% w/v)	pF 2.7 (% w/v)	pF 3.4 (% w/v)	pF 4.2 (% w/v)	pF 2.5 (%)
5-10	:	0.895	60.4	48.4	40.0	34.5	32.6	30.8	26.6	26.5	-
35-40	:	0.932	60.6	60.0	42.2	32.3	30.1	28.4	26.2	25.9	-
110-115	:	0.849	61.3	58.7	47.2	30.8	27.3	25.3	23.7	23.5	-
240-245	:	0.911	58.0	57.2	48.8	37.2	33.3	30.7	25.8	25.6	-

Other physical data

Depth (cm)		Bulk Density (kg/dm³)	Spec. Surf. Area (m2/g)	COLE (cm/cm)	Water Disp. Clay (%)	Clay (%)
0-12	:	-	-	-	27.5	69.4
12-35	:	-	-	-	30.0	76.6
35-60	:	-	86	-	12.4	77.7
60-100	:	-	81	-	0.9	72.2
100-150	:	-	83	-	15.4	67.8
150-250	:	-	86	-	27.4	63.6
250-350	:	-	84	-	45.5	67.3
350-450	:	-	68	-	53.3	75.9
450-550	:	-	56	-	55.5	71.1

Chemical characteristics:

Depth (cm)		pH H2O	pH KCl	EC 1 : 2.5 (mS/cm)	CaCO3 (%)	Org. C (%)	Org. N (%)	C / N	Exch. Acid (cmol/kg)	Exch. Al (cmol/kg)	Mg (cmol/kg)	K (cmol/kg)	Sum Cations (cmol/kg)
0-12	:	4.1	4.1	0.17	-	2.89	0.22	13	-	-	0.1	0.1	0.2
12-35	:	4.4	4.5	0.05	-	1.74	0.11	16	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
35-60	:	4.7	4.8	0.08	-	1.36	0.09	15	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
60-100	:	5.0	5.3	0.01	-	1.00	0.07	14	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
100-150	:	5.3	5.7	0.01	-	0.85	0.05	17	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
150-250	:	5.7	6.2	0.01	-	0.67	-	-	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
250-350	:	5.8	6.4	0.00	-	0.51	-	-	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
350-450	:	6.0	6.2	0.00	-	0.37	-	-	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0
450-550	:	6.1	6.1	0.00	-	0.23	-	-	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0

Depth (cm)		CEC Soil (cmol/kg)	CEC Clay (cmol/kg)	CEC Org (cmol/kg)	ECEC (cmol/kg)	Base sat. (%)	Al sat. (%)
0-12	:	11.6	-	10.0	-	2	-
12-35	:	5.5	-	6.1	-	0	-
35-60	:	3.4	-	4.8	-	0	-
60-100	:	2.8	-	3.5	-	0	-
100-150	:	1.4	-	3.0	-	0	-
150-250	:	0.5	-	2.3	-	0	-
250-350	:	0.4	-	1.8	-	0	-
350-450	:	0.5	-	1.3	-	0	-
450-550	:	0.7	-	0.8	-	0	-

Depth (cm)		pH NaF	P Retention (%)	ODOE	Melanic Index	Fe o (wt%)	Al o (wt%)	Si o (wt%)	Fe d (wt%)	Al d (wt%)	Fe p (wt%)	Al p (wt%)	C p (wt%)
0-12	:	-	53	-	-	0.30	0.50	0.00	6.90	1.40	-	-	-
12-35	:	-	52	-	-	0.20	0.50	0.00	7.00	1.20	-	-	-
35-60	:	-	53	-	-	0.20	0.40	0.10	6.90	1.00	-	-	-
60-100	:	-	58	-	-	0.10	0.40	0.10	6.30	0.80	-	-	-
100-150	:	-	-	-	-	0.10	0.30	0.10	6.40	0.80	-	-	-
150-250	:	-	-	-	-	0.10	0.40	0.10	6.30	1.00	-	-	-
250-350	:	-	-	-	-	0.10	0.30	0.10	6.50	0.80	-	-	-
350-450	:	-	-	-	-	0.10	0.30	0.00	7.40	0.50	-	-	-
450-550	:	-	58	-	-	0.10	0.20	0.10	7.50	0.30	-	-	-

Clay mineralogy:

Depth (cm)		Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Vermiculite	Chlorite	Smec	Halloysite	Mixed layer	Quar	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Hematite
0-12	:	strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
12-35	:	strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
35-60	:	strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
60-100	:	strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
100-150	:	strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
150-250	:	medium to strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
250-350	:	medium to strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
350-450	:	medium to strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-
450-550	:	medium to strong	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	medium to strong	medium to strong	-

Profile Description

Ah 0-12 cm	(2.5YR 3/5, moist), clay, weak very fine and fine subangular blocky, slightly hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic, many very fine fine pores, gradual smooth boundary to,
AB 12-35 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist), clay, weak very fine and fine subangular blocky, slightly hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic, many very fine fine pores, diffuse smooth boundary to,
BA 35-60 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist), clay, weakly coherent porous massive, soft very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic, many very fine fine pores, diffuse smooth boundary to,
Bo1 60-270 cm	(2.5YR 3.5/6, moist), clay, weakly coherent porous massive, soft very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic, many very fine fine pores, diffuse smooth boundary to,
Bo2 270-350 cm	red (2.5YR 4/8, moist), clay, weakly coherent porous massive, soft very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic, common medium faint mottles (5YR 4/6), many very fine fine pores, diffuse smooth boundary to,
Auger 350-550 cm	red (10R 4/8, moist), clay, soft very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,

The main parent rock/ material over which the soil has been formed (1st entry)	highly weathered material
Mode of Accumulation or deposition of parent material (1st entry)	colluvial
Texture of parent material (1st entry)	clayey
Weathering status of solid rock (1st entry)	highly
Resistance against weathering (solid rock) (1st entry)	moderate

Occurrence of soil aggradation	absent
Slope Stability	stable

Current land use at the site	(semi-)natural vegetation
Vegetation Type;The natural vegetation at the site	semi-deciduous woodland
Status of vegetation	primary
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Vegetation: Cerradão (dense cerrado) Landuse:

The altitude of the soil profile relative to mean sea level, specified in meters	1150 m asl
Regional landform	plateau
Topography of the surrounding country	flat or almost flat
Physiographic Unit in the immediate surrounding of the site	nearly flat plateau (chapada)
The slope refers to the inclination of the land immediately surrounding the site. The measured or estimated slope angle is specified to the nearest per cent	1 %
The physiographic position of the site where the profile is located	flat
Form of the slope surrounding the site	straight

Kind of groundwater table	no groundwater table observed
Runoff	rapid
Flooding frequency	never
Estimated permeablity (class) of least permeable part of the profile	high
Drainage Class	well

Rockiness	none
Stoniness	none
Cracks	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Evidence of salt	non-saline
Evidence of alkali	non-alkaline

You are here

Reference soil Brazil 26: Ferralsol