Reference soil France 02: Umbrisol

FR002

Umbrisols occur mainly in regions where precipitation exceeds considerably the evapotranspiration. They are dominantly associated with acid parent materials.

Characteristics

Soils having an umbric horizon (deep, brownish or blackish surface horizon with a significant accumulation of organic matter and low base saturation). They have no diagnostic horizons other than an anthropedogenic horizon less than 50 cm thick, or an albic or cambic horizon.

Distribution of Umbrisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Leaflet | ISRIC

Reference soil FR002: Umbrisols

LOCATION: Maps - Topographical map 1:25000; sheet Gérardmer No. 7-8 map coordinates: 358 N/ 951.5 E PARENT MATERIAL: Biotite granite (Acc. geol. map of France, scale 1:80000; sheet 85, ed.1939: Y1a, granite and biotite, poor on muscovite, also porphyroides and locally amphiboles). VEGETATION: coverage(%) trees 75 herbs & grasses 95

Classification

WRB 2006

WRB 1998

Cambic- Umbrisol (Humic Alumic Chromic)

Humic- Umbrisol

1-23 cm	umbric horizon
23-66 cm	cambic horizon

1-23 cm	umbric horizon
23-66 cm	cambic horizon
-	strongly humic

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Alumi-Humic Cambisol

Humic Cambisol

1-23 cm	umbric A horizon
23-66 cm	cambic B horizon
-	strongly humic

1-23 cm	umbric A horizon
23-66 cm	cambic B horizon

Local classification:	Sol ocre podzolique

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Cryochrept

More images

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	15.7	16.8	13.0	12.6	5.3	63.4	3.6	15.6	19.2	17.4
15-24	-	12.8	15.3	12.6	13.7	6.7	61.1	4.5	18.3	22.8	16.1
24-39	-	17.5	18.1	13.7	12.6	5.5	67.4	4.3	17.3	21.6	11.0
39-53	-	17.7	19.5	13.9	12.5	5.4	69	4.2	15.9	20.1	10.9
53-68	-	21.2	23.4	14.1	11.6	4.7	75	4.9	12.4	17.3	7.7
68-81	-	18.7	20.0	13.5	12.9	6.0	71.1	5.5	15.4	20.9	8.0
81-104	-	21.0	24.7	14.9	10.8	4.7	76.1	4.9	14.2	19.1	4.6

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	-	-	-	17.4
15-24	-	-	-	-	16.1
24-39	-	-	-	-	11.0
39-53	-	-	-	-	10.9
53-68	-	-	-	-	7.7
68-81	-	-	-	-	8.0
81-104	-	-	-	-	4.6

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-15	4.2	3.4	-	-	5.28	0.24	22	-	-	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.4
15-24	4.4	3.7	-	-	4.89	0.18	27	5.9	3.9	-	-	-	-	-
24-39	4.5	3.9	-	-	3.90	0.12	33	4.5	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
39-53	4.7	4.1	-	-	3.09	0.12	26	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
53-68	4.7	4.1	-	-	2.82	0.11	26	3.0	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
68-81	4.7	4.2	-	-	2.48	0.09	28	2.3	1.2	-	-	-	-	-
81-104	4.9	4.4	-	-	2.88	0.12	24	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-15	1	27.9	160	18.5	-	-	0
15-24	-	-	-	17.1	-	-	-
24-39	0	23.5	214	13.6	-	14	0
39-53	0	20.8	191	10.8	-	-	0
53-68	1	18.2	236	9.9	-	11	0
68-81	-	-	-	8.7	-	-	-
81-104	0	24.5	533	10.1	-	-	0

Profile description

needles

Ah 1-13 cm	dark brown (7.5YR 3/2, dry)loamy sand gravelly,weak crumb,very friable,fine gravel granite fragments,gradual wavy boundary to,
13-23 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3, dry)loamy sand gravelly,weak angular blocky,very friable,fine gravel granite fragments,gradual boundary to,
Bw1 23-39 cm	reddish brown (5YR 4/3, dry)loamy sand gravelly,weak angular blocky,very friable,fine gravel granite fragments,gradual boundary to,
Bw2 39-66 cm	reddish brown (5YR 4/4, dry)loamy sand gravelly,weak angular blocky,very friable,fine gravel granite fragments,
66-131 cm	reddish brown (5YR 4/3, dry)loamy sand gravelly,medium gravel granite fragments,abrupt irregular boundary to,
66-131 cm	coarse gravel granite fragments

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	igneous and metamorphic rock
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	residual material
Remarks on Parent Materials	biotite granite
Texture of parent material	sandy
Weathering Resistance	moderate
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock (second entry)	slightly

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	afforestation
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: Coniferous forest with mainly Abies and Picea; herbaceous groundcover
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	evergreen forest

Altitude	960m
Physiographic Unit	slope
Physiographic position of the site	slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	mountain
Slope	47%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	mountainous

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	somewhat excessive
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	high
Estimated run off (class)	rapid

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline

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Reference soil France 02: Umbrisol

Characteristics

Reference soil FR002: Umbrisols

Classification