Reference soil Germany 02: Albeluvisol

DE002

Albeluvisols occur mainly in the moist and cool temperate regions (dominantly regions with a cool continental climate), particularly in Eastern Europe and central USA/Canada.

Characteristics

Soils having an argic horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon) within 100 cm from the soil surface. The argic horizon has an irregular upper boundary resulting from "albeluvic tonguing".

Distribution of Albeluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil DE002: Albeluvisols

A strongly gleyed(?) and bleached fine silty profile derived from non-calcareous loess with underlying impermeable cemented gravel of early Pleistocene river deposits that cause periodic saturation of water. The surface is covered with freshly fallen leaves (ca.4cm), transitional to decomposed material; much organic matter in Ah horizon. There are few fine distinct black Mn mottles in Eg2 and Btg, coloured 5YR 2/1. The Bg shows common elongated streaks, coloured 2,5Y 6/2. VEGETATION: Quercus sessiliflora, Fagus sylvatica, Prunus padus, Quercus pendunculata; Molinia coerulea, Teucrium scorodonia, Deschampsia flexuosa. (additional climatic data Aachen: insolation (hrs))

Classification

WRB 2006

WRB 1998

Stagnic-Cutanic- Albeluvisol (Ferric Ruptic Alumic)

Alumi-Stagnic- Albeluvisol (Ferric Siltic)

14-49 cm	albic horizon
39-74 cm	ferric horizon
49-74 cm	argic horizon
-	reducing conditions
-	stagnic colour pattern
-	albeluvic tonguing

14-49 cm	albic horizon
39-74 cm	ferric horizon
4-14 cm	ochric horizon
49-74 cm	argic horizon
-	stagnic
-	albeluvic tonguing

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Albi-Dystric Planosol

Dystric Planosol

14-49 cm	albic E horizon
4-14 cm	ochric A horizon
49-74 cm	argic B horizon
-	stagnic

14-49 cm	albic E horizon
4-14 cm	ochric A horizon
49-74 cm	argillic B horizon
-	hydromorphic

Local classification:	Primärer Pseudogley

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Ochraquult

More images

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
4-14	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.8	51.4	26.3	77.7	13.5
19-39	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.4	49.7	22.9	72.6	17.0
39-49	-	-	-	-	-	-	8	51.5	24.7	76.2	15.8
49-64	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.6	43.6	21.6	65.2	27.2
74-94	-	-	-	-	-	-	23.3	47.5	11.7	59.2	17.5

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
4-14	-	-	-	-	13.5
19-39	-	-	-	-	17.0
39-49	-	-	-	-	15.8
49-64	-	-	-	-	27.2
74-94	-	-	-	-	17.5

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
4-14	4.5	3.8	-	-	5.61	0.23	24	-	-	2.1	0.4	0.1	0.0	2.6
19-39	4.2	3.6	-	-	0.52	0.04	13	1.5	0.9	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
39-49	4.2	3.5	-	-	0.28	0.04	7	2.4	1.8	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
49-64	4.1	3.4	-	-	0.34	0.03	11	5.4	4.7	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.0	1.3
74-94	4.3	3.3	-	-	0.14	0.03	5	0.7	0	0.8	2.2	0.0	0.0	3

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
4-14	15	17.9	133	19.6	-	-	0
19-39	1	7.0	41	1.8	-	13	0
39-49	2	8.1	51	1.0	-	22	0
49-64	8	16.0	59	1.2	-	29	0
74-94	26	11.7	67	0.5	-	0	0

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
4-14	-	-	-	0.11	0.09	-	-	-	-	-	0.35
19-39	-	-	-	0.07	0.08	1.10	0.10	-	-	-	0.21
39-49	-	-	-	0.09	0.11	1.20	0.10	-	-	-	0.27
49-64	-	-	-	0.15	0.12	2.20	0.30	-	-	-	0.33
74-94	-	-	-	0.07	0.12	-	-	-	-	-	0.35

Elemental composition of the soil

Depth (cm)	Al2O3 % w/w	CaO % w/w	Fe2O3 % w/w	K2O % w/w	MgO % w/w	Na2O % w/w	SiO2 % w/w	TiO2 % w/w
4-14	7.1	0.38	2.3	1.52	0.20	-	75.4	0.74
19-39	7.7	0.27	2.9	1.74	0.31	-	81.5	0.80
39-49	8.8	0.27	3.5	1.90	0.38	-	79.7	0.80
49-64	10.9	0.24	5.1	2.07	0.62	-	74.4	0.76
74-94	9.3	0.20	3.8	1.79	0.62	-	76.4	0.67

Depth (cm)	Al2O3/Fe2O3 mol/mol	LOI % w/w	MnO2 % w/w	P2O5 % w/w	SiO2 / Al2O3 mol/mol	SiO2/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2 / R mol/mol
4-14	4.8	11.3	0.08	0.07	18.0	87.3	14.9
19-39	4.2	3.0	0.10	0.04	18.0	74.8	14.5
39-49	3.9	3.1	0.10	0.03	15.4	60.6	12.3
49-64	3.4	4.2	0.13	0.03	11.6	38.8	8.9
74-94	3.8	3.0	0.10	0.06	13.9	53.5	11.1

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
19-39	very weak	weak	-	-	-	-	medium to strong	medium to strong	medium to strong	medium to strong	weak	-
39-49	very weak	weak	-	-	-	-	medium to strong	medium to strong	medium to strong	medium to strong	weak	-
74-94	-	very weak	-	-	-	-	medium to strong	medium to strong	weak	weak	strong	-

Profile description

Ah 0-10 cm	very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist)silt loam,moderate medium crumb,slightly hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,clear wavy boundary to,
Eg1 10-35 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)silt loam,weak coarse subangular blocky,hard friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,few coarse distinct mottles (5 YR 6/8) and few coarse distinct mottles (5 YR 4/8),gradual wavy boundary to,
Eg2 35-45 cm	light brownish grey (2.5Y 6/2, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly,moderate coarse subangular blocky,hard firm slightly sticky slightly plastic,many coarse distinct mottles (5 YR 4/8) and few mottles (5 YR 6/8),gradual wavy boundary to,
Btg 45-70 cm	light grey (10YR 7/2, moist)silty clay loam slightly gravelly,moderate coarse subangular blocky,very hard firm slightly sticky slightly plastic,many coarse prominent mottles (5 YR 4/8) and few mottles (5 YR 6/8),broken thin clay cutans,clear irregular boundary to,
Bg 70-95 cm	brown (7.5YR 5/4, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly,weak to moderate coarse subangular blocky,very hard firm slightly sticky slightly plastic,common coarse mottles (5 YR 4/8) and common coarse mottles (2.5 Y 6/2),abrupt smooth boundary to,
Bg 70-95 cm	gravel

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	sediment, unconsolidated
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	eolian loess
Remarks on Parent Materials	Würm loess over gravel
Soil Depth	95cm
Texture of parent material	silty
Weathering Resistance	poor
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	partially or moderately

Land improvements ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	draining
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	forestry
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: Quercus sessiliflora, Fagus sylvatica, Prunus padus, Quercus pendunculata; Molinia coerulea, Teucrium scorodonia, Deschampsia flexuosa and mosses
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	deciduous forest

Altitude	92m
Physiographic Unit	upper slope
Physiographic position of the site	upper slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	alluvial terrace
Slope	1%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Lower limit of a slow permeable or stagnating layer in the profile	0cm
Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	poor
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	slow
Estimated run off (class)	slow
Upper limit of a slow permeable or stagnating layer in the profile	99cm

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Surface cracking	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost (USDA/SCS, 1979)	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Germany 02: Albeluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil DE002: Albeluvisols

Classification