Reference soil Germany 08: Calcaric Phaeozem

DE008

Distribution of Phaeozems (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil DE008: Phaeozem

Perched watertable for some period of the year, due to slowly permeable subsoil at 60 cm. Near site mean temperature is 7.8 degree C, mean annual precipitation 580 mm. Weeds: Artemisia absinthium, Dactylis glomerata, Agropyra repens, Polygonum persicaria. Additional notes on soil profile description: Bg: Ah material cutans also in worm- and root channels. Bg2: Matrix colour greyish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist transitional to olive grey (5Y 5/2) moist. Infillings of Ah material in some root- and worm channels and on ped faces. Cg: Colour of Fe/Mn concretions is dark reddish brown (5YR 5/2). Source of climate data: Mueller, Manfred J.: Handbuch ausgewaehlter Klimastationen der Erde; Universitaet Trier, Forschungsstelle Bodenerosion. Trier 1987.

Classification

WRB 2014

Phaeozem

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Calcaric Phaeozem

- cm	mollic A horizon
-	high organic matter content in B horizon
-	hydromorphic

Local classification:	Schwarzerdeaehnlicher Boden

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Hapludoll udic loamy mixed (calcareous) mesic

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	-	-	-	-	-	65.3	12.7	9.6	22.3	12.4
20-40	-	-	-	-	-	-	60.7	14.9	11.1	26	13.3
50-65	-	-	-	-	-	-	49.3	13.8	15.3	29.1	21.6
75-90	-	-	-	-	-	-	51.8	12.7	14.8	27.5	20.7

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	-	-	-	12.4
20-40	-	-	-	-	13.3
50-65	-	-	-	-	21.6
75-90	-	-	-	-	20.7

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-15	7.3	7.2	-	1.8	2.39	0.20	12	-	-	11.8	2.2	0.6	0.0	14.6
20-40	7.9	7.3	-	1.5	0.86	0.13	7	-	-	14.0	1.2	0.2	0.0	15.4
50-65	8.5	6.9	-	0.9	0.41	0.04	10	-	-	12.9	1.3	0	0.7	14.9
75-90	8.3	6.6	-	0	0.25	0.03	8	-	-	20.2	1.7	0.1	0.2	22.2

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-15	100	14.6	118	8.4	-	-	-
20-40	90	17.1	129	3.0	-	-	-
50-65	81	18.5	86	1.4	-	-	-
75-90	118	18.8	91	0.9	-	-	-

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
0-15	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	medium to strong	-	very weak to weak	very strong	-
75-90	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak	very strong	-

Profile description

Ap 0-18 cm	black (10YR 2/1, moist)silt loam organic,moderate medium crumb,very friable,no cutans,no inclusions,few fine gravel weathered sand grains fragments,clear wavy boundary to,
Ah 18-50 cm	black (10YR 2/1, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly organic,moderate medium subangular blocky and moderate medium crumb,friable,broken moderately thick humus in root channels and pores cutans,no inclusions,no fragments,clear smooth boundary to,
Bg 50-70 cm	olive (5Y 5/3, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly,weak medium crumb parting to medium subangular blocky,friable,few medium distinct mottles (7.5 YR 5/8),broken moderately thick humus on pedfaces cutans,no inclusions,no fragments,clear wavy boundary to,
Bg2 70-85 cm	greyish brown (2.5Y 5/2, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly,moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky,friable,continuous thick humus in root channels and pores cutans,no inclusions,no fragments,clear smooth boundary to,
Cg 85- cm	greyish brown (2.5Y 5/2, moist)silt loam slightly gravelly,moderate medium prismatic,slightly sticky slightly plastic,common medium distinct mottles (7.5 YR 5/8),no cutans,few small ferruginous concretions few small manganiferous concretions,few coarse gravel stones fragments,

Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	glacial till
Remarks on Parent Materials	Weichselian age
Texture of parent material (second entry)	mixed
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	partially or moderately

Occurrence of soil aggradation (McDonald et al., 1984)	absent
Slope stability	stable

Major crops	wheat
Main type of irrigation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	no irrigation
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	high level arable farming
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	see remarks
Rotation scheme ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	continuous crop rotation
Status of vegetation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	secondary
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	grassland

Altitude	5m
Physiographic position of the site	lower slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	glacial plain
Slope	1%
Slope Aspect	north
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	imperfect
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Depth to groundwater table	60cm
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	perched
Moist From - To	0-60cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	slow
Wet From To	60cm

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Surface cracking	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost (USDA/SCS, 1979)	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Micro relief type: small-scale differences in relief in the direct vicinity of the site (FAO, 1986)	level
Microrelief pattern	none
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Germany 08: Calcaric Phaeozem

Reference soil DE008: Phaeozem

Classification