Reference soil Greece 08: Cambisol

GR008

Distribution of Cambisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

LOCATION: The forest belongs to the forestry department of the university of Thessaloniki. CLIMATE: Continental. Precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year with exception of a short drier period in July and August. VEGETATION AND LAND USE: Tree species: Abies hybridogenous, Abies cephalonica. Braekenferns: Pteris aquilina

Classification

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974
Eutric Cambisol

Local classification

Classification information	Brown forest soil

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)	Eutrochrept udic mesic

Location:

Trikkala, Pertouli forest, Lyxa, 50km W of Tikkala

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Clay % weight/weight	coarse sand % weight/weight	coarse silt % weight/weight	fine sand % weight/weight	fine silt % weight/weight	Gravel % volume/volume	medium sand % weight/weight	Total sand % weight/weight	Total silt % weight/weight	very coarse sand % weight/weight	very fine sand % weight/weight
3-15	14.7	1.8	14.7	23.4	23.4	0	7.8	-	38.1	0.2	14.1
15-41	9.5	1.8	12.1	30.3	21.6	0	12	-	33.7	0.3	12.4
41-63	12	0.8	11.6	30.4	23.1	0	6.7	-	34.7	0.2	15.2
63-260	21	1.7	18.3	18.8	23.1	69	4.7	-	41.4	0.2	12.1

Other physical data

Depth (cm)	Clay % weight/weight	Bulk density kg/dm³	COLE cm/cm	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	Water disp. clay %
3-15	14.7	-	-	-	-
15-41	9.5	-	-	-	-
41-63	12	-	-	-	-
63-260	21	-	-	-	-

Chemical characteristics

Depth (cm)	C % weight/weight	Ca cmol(c)/kg	CaCO3 % weight/weight	C / N unitless	EC 1: 2.5 mS/cm	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	N %	Na cmol(c)/kg	pH H2O unitless	pHKCl unitless	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.6	5.4	-
1-3	10.73	-	-	21	-	-	-	-	-	0.50	-	5.5	5.2	-
3-15	2.90	8.7	-	15	-	-	-	0.4	2.2	0.19	0.2	5.6	4.6	11.5
15-41	0.61	4.3	-	12	-	-	-	0.5	2.2	0.05	0.1	5.5	4.1	7.1
41-63	0.44	2.0	-	11	-	-	-	0.3	2.3	0.04	0.2	5.3	4.0	4.8
63-260	0.61	1.5	-	10	-	-	-	0.3	2.5	0.06	0.2	4.7	3.9	4.5

Depth (cm)	Al sat. %	Base sat. %	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	ESP %
1-3	-	-	-	37.6	-	-	-
3-15	-	56	139	10.2	20.4	-	-
15-41	-	63	118	2.1	11.2	-	-
41-63	-	34	118	1.5	14.2	-	-
63-260	-	26	83	2.1	17.4	-	-

Profile description

Oi -3--2 cm	needles nilmany very fine pores,no fragments,
O -2-0 cm	(10YR 5.5/3, dry) dark greyish brown (10YR 4/2, moist)many very fine pores,no fragments,abrupt smooth boundary to,
Ah 0-12 cm	pale brown (10YR 6/3, dry) (dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist)loam,moderate fine subangular blocky,slightly hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,no cutans,many very fine pores,no fragments,abrupt wavy boundary to,
Bw 12-38 cm	light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4, dry) pale brown (10YR 6/3, moist)sandy loam,moderate fine subangular blocky,hard very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,no cutans,many very fine pores,no fragments,
CR 38-60 cm	very pale brown (10YR 7/4, dry) yellowish brown (10YR 5/6, moist)sandy loam,moderate fine subangular blocky,slightly hard very friable sticky slightly plastic,no cutans,many very fine pores,sandstone fragments,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	arkosic sandstone
Remarks on Parent Materials	formation of flysch

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	afforestation
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	firs, gr.cov.:braekenferns & short grass
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	evergreen forest

Altitude	1230m
Physiographic Unit	Pindos
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	mountain
Slope	60%
Slope Aspect	east
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	mountainous

Dry From - To	3-260cm
Moist From - To	0-3cm
Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	excessive
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Estimated run off (class)	medium

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	rocky
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	stony

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Reference soil Greece 08: Cambisol

Classification