Reference soil Hungary 11: Gleyic Solonchak

HU011

Distribution of Solonchaks (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil HU011: Gleyic Solonchaks

VEGETATION: species: Lepidiun kartilagineum, Camphorosma ovata, Artemisia monogyna, Nostoc commune, Atropis/Puccinellia/Limosa. ADDITIONAL NOTES ON PROFILE DESCRIPTION: Adsorption complex is dominated by exchangeable sodium.

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-4	0	0.2	1.3	10.1	31.6	23.3	66.5	15.5	9.6	25.1	8.4
4-16	0	0.3	1.2	7.4	23.8	18.4	51.1	16	14.4	30.4	18.1
16-29	0	0.2	0.5	5.7	19.7	17.1	43.2	12.9	18.6	31.5	25.4
29-41	0	1	0.6	5.1	22.9	21.1	50.7	12.3	14.7	27	23.2
41-55	0	0.1	0.8	5.5	31.5	26.4	64.3	8.8	11	19.8	15
55-70	0	0.1	0.4	8.5	48.7	26.2	83.9	4.9	5.8	10.7	5.5
70-90	0	0.1	0.6	12.7	41.6	26	81	8.3	5	13.3	5.8
90-100	0	0.1	0.7	9.8	29.1	27.6	67.3	10.4	12.7	23.1	9.2
100-125	0	0.5	0.9	36.3	43.3	10.1	91.1	4.6	3.6	8.2	0.7

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-4	-	-	-	-	8.4
4-16	-	-	-	-	18.1
16-29	-	-	-	-	25.4
29-41	-	-	-	-	23.2
41-55	-	-	-	-	15
55-70	-	-	-	-	5.5
70-90	-	-	-	-	5.8
90-100	-	-	-	-	9.2
100-125	-	-	-	-	0.7

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-4	9.9	9.7	4	11	0.38	0.05	8	-	-	34.5	3.6	0.2	13.8	52.1
4-16	9.9	9.3	1.95	16.3	0.35	0.04	9	-	-	35.5	5.6	0.3	13.3	54.7
16-29	9.9	8.6	1.18	25.3	0.22	0.04	6	-	-	37.1	5.3	0.3	10.6	53.3
29-41	10.0	8.7	0.96	37	0.16	-	-	-	-	35.9	8.5	0.2	7.7	52.3
41-55	10.0	9.0	0.9	35.8	0.13	-	-	-	-	31.9	11.6	0.1	3.4	47
55-70	10.0	9.2	0.87	23.7	0.12	-	-	-	-	33.3	8.4	0.1	3.7	45.5
70-90	10.0	9.2	0.67	23.9	0.10	-	-	-	-	27.9	10.4	0	3.2	41.5
90-100	10.0	9.1	0.58	31.3	0.11	-	-	-	-	25.5	15.0	0	3.0	43.5
100-125	9.9	9.4	0.55	15.3	0.08	-	-	-	-	32.1	5.3	0	1.9	39.3

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-4	-	3.5	26	1.3	-	-	394
4-16	-	9.3	45	1.2	-	-	143
16-29	-	9.7	35	0.8	-	-	109
29-41	-	6.7	26	0.6	-	-	115
41-55	-	4.6	27	0.5	-	-	74
55-70	-	1.9	27	0.4	-	-	195
70-90	-	1.7	22	0.4	-	-	188
90-100	-	2.1	18	0.4	-	-	143
100-125	-	0.7	57	0.3	-	-	271

Elemental composition of the clay

Depth (cm)	SiO2 % w/w	Al2O3 % w/w	Fe2O3 % w/w	CaO % w/w	MgO % w/w	K2O % w/w	Na2O % w/w	TiO2 % w/w
0-4	51.6	19.5	8.6	1.02	4.77	3.93	-	0.83
4-16	51.7	20.5	8.9	0.56	4.62	4.03	-	0.77
16-29	51.8	21.2	9.4	0.82	4.45	3.93	-	0.71
29-41	41.3	17.3	7.7	9.76	5.09	2.97	-	0.58
41-55	43.1	18.4	8	6.88	4.77	3.1	-	0.59
55-70	49.6	20.7	9.4	1.12	4.58	3.54	-	0.7
70-90	48.4	21	10.2	1.36	4.36	3.52	-	0.73
90-100	38.2	17	8.2	7.88	8.15	2.67	-	0.57

Depth (cm)	MnO2 % w/w	P2O5 % w/w	Ign.Loss clay % w/w	Total Clay % w/w	SiO2/Al2O3 mol/mol	SiO2/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2 / R mol/mol	Al2O3/Fe2O3 mol/mol
0-4	0.07	0.2	7.9	98.4	4.5	16	3.5	3.6
4-16	0.06	0.22	7.1	98.5	4.3	15.5	3.4	3.6
16-29	0.06	0.17	7.4	99.9	4.1	14.7	3.2	3.5
29-41	0.06	0.25	14.7	99.7	4.1	14.3	3.2	3.5
41-55	0.05	0.26	12.7	97.9	4	14.3	3.1	3.6
55-70	0.06	0.64	8.1	98.4	4.1	14	3.2	3.5
70-90	0.08	0.73	8.7	99.1	3.9	12.6	3	3.2
90-100	0.09	0.31	17.9	101	3.8	12.4	2.9	3.3

Elemental composition of the soil

Depth (cm)	Al2O3 % w/w	CaO % w/w	Fe2O3 % w/w	K2O % w/w	MgO % w/w	Na2O % w/w	SiO2 % w/w	TiO2 % w/w
0-4	6.1	4.79	1.7	1.20	1.97	-	77.5	0.54
4-16	8.0	7.19	2.5	1.50	2.78	-	68.7	0.56
16-29	8.2	10.57	2.8	1.51	3.36	-	60.7	0.5
29-41	7.1	15.18	2.5	1.27	4.99	-	50.4	0.42
41-55	6.3	13.88	2.1	1.16	5.38	-	53.9	0.4
55-70	5.5	9.89	1.6	1.10	3.43	-	67.4	0.32
70-90	5.9	8.81	1.7	1.22	4.03	-	66.9	0.25
90-100	6.7	10.08	2.1	1.30	5.99	-	58.6	0.29
100-125	4.9	6.67	1.1	1.21	2.09	-	76.7	0.18

Depth (cm)	Al2O3/Fe2O3 mol/mol	LOI % w/w	MnO2 % w/w	P2O5 % w/w	SiO2 / Al2O3 mol/mol	SiO2/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2 / R mol/mol
0-4	5.6	5.8	0.04	0.13	21.6	121.4	18.3
4-16	5.0	8.5	0.06	0.12	14.6	73.2	12.2
16-29	4.6	12.1	0.05	0.11	12.6	57.7	10.3
29-41	4.5	17.5	0.04	0.10	12	53.7	9.8
41-55	4.7	16.5	0.04	0.10	14.5	68.3	12.0
55-70	5.4	11.0	0.03	0.07	20.8	112.1	17.5
70-90	5.4	11.1	0.03	0.06	19.2	104.8	16.3
90-100	5.0	14.4	0.04	0.07	14.8	74.3	12.4
100-125	7.0	7.2	0.03	0.04	26.6	185.6	23.2

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
0-4	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
4-16	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
16-29	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
29-41	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
41-55	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
55-70	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
70-90	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
90-100	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium
100-125	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	-	weak to medium	weak to medium	weak to medium

Soluble sands

Depth (cm)	Ca mmol(c)/kg	Mg mmol(c)/kg	K mmol(c)/kg	Na mmol(c)/kg	sum cations mmol(c)/kg	CO3 mmol(c)/kg	HCO3 mmol(c)/kg	Cl mmol(c)/kg	NO3 mmol(c)/kg	SO4 mmol(c)/kg	sum anions mmol(c)/kg
0-4	0.01	0	0.1	11.92	12.03	5.72	3.96	1.76	-	2.93	14.37
4-16	0.02	0.04	0.05	6.21	6.32	3.78	4.61	1.01	-	1.09	10.49
16-29	0.02	0.08	0.06	4.27	4.43	3.67	13.21	0.3	-	0.74	17.92
29-41	0.02	0.08	0.13	3.68	3.91	2.93	8.23	0.3	-	0.42	11.88
41-55	0.02	0.04	0.13	3.02	3.21	2.1	2.4	0.3	-	0.49	5.29
55-70	0.01	0.04	0.05	2.2	2.3	1.36	0.82	0.5	-	0.55	3.23
70-90	0.01	0.04	0.06	1.66	1.77	1.3	0.65	0.3	-	0.55	2.8
90-100	0.01	0.04	0.07	1.9	2.02	1.2	0.85	0.3	-	0.37	2.72
100-125	0.01	0	0.01	1.47	1.49	0.76	0.49	0.3	-	0.3	1.85

Depth (cm)	Sodium ads. ratio	pH e	EC e dS/m	EC 1 : 5 dS/m
0-4	119.2	-	-	2.18
4-16	31	-	-	1.22
16-29	17.4	-	-	0.78
29-41	15	-	-	0.63
41-55	15.1	-	-	0.55
55-70	12.7	-	-	0.5
70-90	9.6	-	-	0.46
90-100	11	-	-	0.4
100-125	14.7	-	-	0.3

Profile description

Ahgz 0-4 cm	(light) grey (5Y 6/1, dry)sandy loam,moderate coarse subangular blocky,
ABgz 4-16 cm	light grey (5Y 7/1, dry)loam,moderate coarse subangular blocky and moderate coarse platy,
Bgz1 16-29 cm	light grey (5Y 7/1, dry)loam,moderate medium angular blocky,
Bgz2 29-41 cm	light grey (5Y 7/1, dry)sandy clay loam,moderate coarse angular blocky,
BCgz 41-55 cm	white (5Y 8/1, dry)sandy loam,moderate,
Cgz1 55-90 cm	light grey (5Y 7/2, dry)loamy sand,structureless,
Czg2 90- cm	light grey (5Y 7/2, dry)Description sand,structureless,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	calcareous
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	fluvial
Remarks on Parent Materials	Danube deposits
Texture of parent material (second entry)	sandy

Occurrence of soil aggradation (McDonald et al., 1984)	not apparent
Slope stability	stable

Land improvements ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	draining
Main type of irrigation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	no irrigation
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	semi-natural grassland, grazed
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	main species : see remarks
Rotation scheme ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	crop rotation scheme not relevant

Altitude	115m
Physiographic Unit	backswamp area
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	alluvial plain
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	poor
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	yearly
Nature of flood water	fresh
Depth to groundwater table	70cm
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	groundwater table observed
Moist From - To	0-70cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Estimated run off (class)	very slow
Wet From To	70-120cm

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	moderately alkaline
Microrelief pattern	none
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	slightly saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Hungary 11: Gleyic Solonchak

Reference soil HU011: Gleyic Solonchaks

Classification