Reference soil Jamaica 04: Ferralsol

JM004

Distribution of Ferralsols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

WRB 2006

WRB 1998

Acric- Ferralsol (Ferric Alumic Clayic)

Alumi-Acric Ferralsol (Ferric Rhodic)

21-170 cm	argic horizon
21-170 cm	ferralic horizon

0-21 cm	ochric horizon
21-170 cm	argic horizon
21-70 cm	ferralic horizon
40-170 cm	ferric horizon

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988:

FAO-UNESCO 1974:

Alumi-Ferric Acrisol

Ferric Acrisol

0-21 cm	ochric A horizon
21-170 cm	argic B horizon
-	ferric
	xchange
	x properties

0-21 cm	ochric A horizon
21-170 cm	argillic B horizon
45-105 cm	argillic B horizon
-	ferric
-	mottles with chroma <2

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975))

Paleudult udic clayey kaolinitic isohyperthermic

Local classification

Classification information	Worthy Park clay

Location:

St. Catherine, Lluidas Vale Basin, Worthy Park

Elemental composition of the soil

Depth (cm)	K2O % weight/weight	CaO % weight/weight	MgO % weight/weight	SiO2 % weight/weight	Al2O3 % weight/weight	Fe2O3 % weight/weight	TiO2 % weight/weight	Na2O % weight/weight
0-21	0.15	0.14	0.30	59.7	13.3	10.7	1.29	-
21-40	0.19	0.03	0.34	44.2	26.9	15.5	1.42	-
40-70	0.25	0.00	0.32	45.0	27.5	15.5	1.46	-
70-112	0.47	0.00	0.41	50.2	25.8	13.4	1.40	-
112-170	0.49	0.00	0.49	48.0	25.0	12.9	1.40	-
170-220	0.39	0.05	0.53	63.7	18.1	7.3	0.90	-
220-250	0.62	0.03	1.02	57.2	20.4	10.1	1.15	-
225-250	0.00	35.20	15.90	0.2	0.0	0.9	0.02	-

Depth (cm)	P2O5 % weight/weight	MnO2 % weight/weight	LOI % weight/weight	SiO2 / R mol/mol	Al2O3/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2 / Al2O3 mol/mol
0-21	0.12	0.19	13.9	5.0	1.9	14.9	7.6
21-40	0.05	0.02	14.0	2.0	2.7	7.6	2.8
40-70	0.05	0.01	12.9	2.0	2.8	7.7	2.8
70-112	0.04	0.02	11.3	2.5	3.0	10.0	3.3
112-170	0.03	0.02	10.7	2.5	3.0	9.9	3.3
170-220	0.02	0.01	8.4	4.8	3.9	23.2	6.0
220-250	0.04	0.03	8.0	3.6	3.2	15.1	4.8
225-250	0.00	0.01	46.5	0.6	0.0	0.6	-

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	medium sand % weight/weight	fine silt % weight/weight	fine sand % weight/weight	Clay % weight/weight	Total sand % weight/weight	coarse sand % weight/weight	very coarse sand % weight/weight	Gravel % volume/volume	Total silt % weight/weight	coarse silt % weight/weight	very fine sand % weight/weight
0-21	3.8	24.0	6.0	46.1	23.1	3.5	3.8	-	32.0	9.2	3.7
21-40	0.5	5.5	0.7	86.3	2.9	0.5	0.5	-	7.6	5.5	0.5
40-70	0.4	12.0	0.5	79.5	2.4	0.4	0.3	-	8.3	6.5	0.5
70-112	1.2	16.9	2.0	67.5	6.7	0.6	0.4	-	12.1	10.1	1.5
112-170	1.1	19.9	2.0	64.6	5.6	1.2	0.8	-	19.5	8.6	1.8
170-220	5.3	12.0	8.4	61.0	29.1	2.6	0.3	-	19.6	5.5	4.9
220-250	3.6	20.3	3.8	58.2	-	2.0	0.5	-	25.8	8.0	3.5

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	pF 4.2 % volume/volume	pF 2.7 % volume/volume	pF 2.0 % volume/volume	pF 1.0 % volume/volume	pF 1.5 % volume/volume	pF 3.4 % volume/volume	Bulk density kg/dm³	pF 2.3 % volume/volume	pF 0 % volume/volume
0-21	33.0	41.0	46.0	53.0	50.0	36.0	1.2	44.0	54.0
21-40	46.0	49.0	52.0	59.0	55.0	49.0	1.1	50.0	61.0
40-70	46.0	50.0	52.0	56.0	54.0	48.0	1.3	51.0	56.0
70-112	45.0	47.0	50.0	53.0	52.0	47.0	1.3	49.0	53.0
112-170	45.0	48.0	50.0	52.0	51.0	47.0	1.3	49.0	52.0

Other

Depth (cm) Water disp. clay % Clay % weight/weight Bulk density kg/dm³ COLE cm/cm Spec. Surf. Area m²/g 0-21 23.0 46.1 1.2 - - 21-40 0.0 86.3 1.1 - - 40-70 0.0 79.5 1.3 - - 70-112 0.0 67.5 1.3 - - 112-170 0.0 64.6 1.3 - - 170-220 39.0 61.0 - - - 220-250 35.0 58.2 - - -

Chemical characteristics

Depth (cm)	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	EC 1: 2.5 mS/cm	pHKCl unitless	K cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	pH H2O unitless	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	C / N unitless	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	N %	C % weight/weight	CaCO3 % weight/weight
0-21	0.3	12.4	8.8	0.57	3.9	0.7	2.6	4.4	1.4	10	0.7	0.37	3.60	-
21-40	0.0	5.2	4.0	0.38	3.8	0.2	1.0	4.2	5.9	7	4.2	0.18	1.26	-
40-70	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.13	3.7	0.1	0.0	4.1	10.2	6	7.5	0.11	0.67	-
70-112	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.12	3.7	0.1	0.0	4.2	13.1	5	9.7	0.07	0.38	-
112-170	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.08	3.6	0.1	0.3	4.3	16.2	10	12.3	0.04	0.39	-
170-220	0.6	11.4	6.6	0.22	3.7	1.2	3.0	4.9	13.9	10	10.2	0.06	0.58	-
220-250	1.0	3.8	0.0	0.13	3.2	0.2	2.6	4.7	27.6	5	19.9	0.04	0.21	-

Profile description

Ap 0-21 cm	very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist)clay slightly gravelly,moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky parting to fine and medium granular,hard friable slightly sticky plastic,common many very fine fine continuous exped interstitial random pores,few medium spherical hard ferruginous nodules very few medium angular hard siliceous nodules,very few medium gravel strongly weathered andesite (porphyritic) fragments,very frequent worm channels and coprogenic elements,clear smooth boundary to,
Bt 21-40 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist)clay,weak fine and medium subangular blocky,firm sticky plastic,few coarse faint diffuse mottles (10 YR 6/6),patchy pressure on pedfaces cutans,common many very fine fine continuous exped interstitial random pores,no inclusions,no fragments,very frequent worm channels and coprogenic elements,gradual smooth boundary to,
Btg1 40-70 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist)clay,weak medium and coarse subangular blocky to angular blocky,firm sticky plastic,many coarse distinct clear mottles (10 YR 6/6) and common coarse prominent mottles (2.5 Y 7/2),patchy pressure on pedfaces cutans,common very fine discontinuous inped tubular random pores slightly porous (<40 vol%),no inclusions,no fragments,few worm channels and coprogenic elements,gradual smooth boundary to,
Btg2 70-112 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist)clay,weak medium and coarse subangular blocky and platy,friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,many coarse distinct clear mottles (10 YR 6/6) and many coarse prominent mottles (2.5 Y 7/2),broken pressure on pedfaces cutans,few fine discontinuous inped tubular random pores slightly porous (<40 vol%),very few medium spherical soft ferruginous nodules hard,no fragments,gradual smooth boundary to,
Btg3 112-170 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)clay,weak medium and coarse subangular blocky and platy,very friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,common coarse distinct clear mottles (10 YR 6/6) and many coarse prominent mottles (10 R 4/6),broken pressure cutans,few fine discontinuous inped tubular random pores slightly porous (<40 vol%),very few medium spherical hard ferruginous nodules,no fragments,no,
2Cg 180-220 cm	light grey (2.5Y 7/2, moist)clay,firm sticky,
C 220-250 cm	dark reddish grey (5YR 4/2, moist) olive grey (5Y 5/2, dry)clay,friable sticky,

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Mixed-layer unitless	Gibbsite unitless	Chlorite unitless	Halloysite unitless	Kaolinite unitless	Smec unitless	Quartz unitless	Goethite unitless	Hematite unitless	Feldspar unitless	Vermiculite unitless	Mica / illite unitless
0-21	weak	-	-	-	very strong	-	weak	weak	-	weak	-	-
21-40	weak	-	-	-	very strong	-	very weak	medium to strong	-	weak	-	-
40-70	weak	-	-	-	very strong	-	-	medium to strong	-	weak	-	-
70-112	-	-	-	-	very strong	-	-	weak	-	very weak	-	-
112-170	weak to medium	-	-	-	very strong	-	-	weak	-	very weak	-	-
170-220	weak	-	-	-	very strong	medium to strong	very weak	weak	-	very weak	-	-
220-250	weak	-	-	-	medium to strong	strong	very weak	-	-	very weak	-	-

Texture of parent material (second entry)	loamy
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	lacustrine sediments
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	highly
Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	acidic tuff
Weathering Resistance	poor
Remarks on Parent Materials	pre-weathered reworked andesitic tuff
Texture of parent material	loamy
Soil Depth	112cm

Slope stability	stable
Occurrence of soil aggradation (McDonald et al., 1984)	absent

Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: Sugar cane and buildings on nearby land
Rotation scheme ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	crop rotation scheme not relevant
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	semi-natural grassland, grazed
Main type of irrigation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	no irrigation

Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	basin
Slope	1%
Altitude	370m
Physiographic Unit	remnant of lacustrine terrace
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat
Physiographic position of the site	flat
Form of the slope surrounding the site	concave

Moist From - To	0-225cm
Estimated run off (class)	medium
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	moderately well

Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Micro relief type: small-scale differences in relief in the direct vicinity of the site (FAO, 1986)	level
Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Surface cracking	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost (USDA/SCS, 1979)	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Microrelief Height: variation in height	0
Microrelief pattern	none

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Reference soil Jamaica 04: Ferralsol