Reference soil Malaysia 53: Humic Podzol

MY053

Distribution of Podzols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil MY053: Humic Podzols

A well drained humus-iron podzol with clear horizontation and weak strucutral development on rill gently sloping (2-6 %) towards shale forming boundary with 5th beach ridge, 6 m above high tide level, mainly derived from adamellite (biotite granite and granodiorite), subordinately from metamorphosed pellitic rocks, greenstone and cherts. The very sandy Pueh series is extremely poor in all major nutrients and no form of agriculture is possible unless the soils are heavily fertilized (mainly buffalo dung). Cattle grazing in combination with the growing of coconut may be the best form of agriculture. (additional climatic data: days with precipitation >0,1 mm)

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-2	-	0	2.4	44	47.8	2.5	96.7	1.7	0.8	2.5	0.8
10-25	-	0.1	1.9	45.7	46.9	2.5	97.1	1.1	0.6	1.7	1.2
30-38	-	0	2.1	47.5	45.6	1.7	96.9	0.1	1.4	1.5	1.6
38-46	-	0	1.9	43.9	47	1.2	94	1.1	0.8	1.9	4.1
46-58	-	0	2	39.3	50.4	1.6	93.3	0.7	2.6	3.3	3.4
58-66	-	0	0.7	21.1	69.6	2.9	94.3	1.1	1.9	3	2.7
75-90	-	0	0.8	28.5	62.8	2.7	94.8	0.9	1.2	2.1	3.1

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-2	-	-	-	-	0.8
10-25	-	-	-	-	1.2
30-38	-	-	-	-	1.6
38-46	-	-	-	-	4.1
46-58	-	-	-	-	3.4
58-66	-	-	-	-	2.7
75-90	-	-	-	-	3.1

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-2	4.6	4.2	0.28	-	1.28	0.09	14	0.4	0	1.5	0.3	0.1	0.0	1.9
10-25	4.6	4.0	0.07	-	0.21	0.01	21	0.1	0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.2
30-38	5.5	4.1	0.05	-	0.18	0.01	18	0.2	0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
38-46	4.5	4.2	0.1	-	0.64	0.03	21	0.5	0	0.0	0.1	0	0.0	0.1
46-58	5.3	4.7	0.02	-	0.50	0.03	17	-	0.2	0.0	0.1	0	0.0	0.1
58-66	5.3	4.9	0.02	-	0.33	0.02	17	0.4	0	0.0	0.1	0	0.0	0.1
75-90	5.2	5.0	0.01	-	0.21	0.01	21	0.3	0	0.0	0.0	0	0.0	0

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-2	38	5	625	4.5	-	0	-
10-25	33	0.6	50	0.7	-	0	-
30-38	20	1.0	63	0.6	-	0	-
38-46	3	3.7	90	2.2	-	0	-
46-58	4	2.8	82	1.8	-	7	-
58-66	5	1.9	70	1.2	-	0	-
75-90	0	1.0	32	0.7	-	0	-

Profile description

Ah 0-2 cm	light brownish grey (10YR 6/2, moist)medium sand,weak crumb,loose very friable non sticky non plastic,clear smooth boundary to,
E 2-30 cm	light grey (10YR 7/2, moist)medium sand,weak crumb,loose very friable non sticky non plastic,frequent worm channels,abrupt irregular boundary to,
EB 30-38 cm	strong brown (7.5YR 5/6, moist)fine sand,weak crumb,loose very friable non sticky non plastic,(5 YR 4/4),abrupt smooth boundary to,
Bhs 38-46 cm	reddish brown (5YR 4/4, moist)medium sand,firm non sticky non plastic,fine mottles (5 YR 4/6),abrupt smooth boundary to,
Bw1 46-58 cm	strong brown (7.5YR 5/8, moist)fine sand,firm non sticky non plastic,gradual smooth boundary to,
Bw2 58-66 cm	strong brown (7.5YR 5/8, moist)fine sand,friable non sticky non plastic,many mottles (5 YR 4/4),ferruginous concretions,abrupt smooth boundary to,
66-98 cm	yellowish red (5YR 5/8, moist)fine sand,(7.5 YR 5/8),

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	coarse-grained acid igneous rock
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	fluvial
Remarks on Parent Materials	adamellite

Major crops	fruit crops
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Fruit trees with grass undergrowth

Altitude	0m
Physiographic Unit	4th ridge in beach landscape
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	marine terrace
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	undulating

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	well
Depth to groundwater table	98cm
Moist From - To	0-66cm
Wet From To	66cm

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Malaysia 53: Humic Podzol

Reference soil MY053: Humic Podzols

Classification