Reference soil Namibia 1: Arenosol

NA001

Distribution of Arenosols

WRB 2006:

WRB 1998:

Ferralic Protic Rubic Arenosol(Eutric Aridic)

Ferrali- Aridic Arenosol(Rubic Protic)

ferralic properties

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988:

FAO-UNESCO 1974:

Eutri-

Ferralic Arenosol

Cambic Arenosol

ferralic properties

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)

Rhodic

Torripsamment

USDA-SCS (1975)

Rhodic

Torripsamment

siliceous

thermic

Classification (other)	Tiefgrundiger rotbrauner Halbwüsteboden aus rotbraunen aeolischem Sand (Scholz, 1968)
	FAO74: No ferralic properties, CEC clay (not corrected for organic matter) > 24 cmol/kg FAO88: CEC clay (corrected for organic matter) < 24 cmol/kg WRB06: CEC clay (corrected for organic matter) < 24 cmol/kg

Location:

Windhoek District, Schlesiën Farm, 160km E of Walvisbay and 50 m S of road Walvisbay - Gamsberg Pass

Physical

Particle size distribution:

Depth (cm)		Gravel (%)	Very Coarse Sand (%)	Coarse Sand (%)	Medium Sand (%)	Fine Sand (%)	Very Fine Sand (%)	Total Sand (%)	Coarse Silt (%)	Fine Silt (%)	Total Silt (%)	Clay (%)
0-5	:	-	0.1	6.6	62.4	22.6	4.8	96.5	2.9	0.4	3.3	0.2
5-20	:	-	0.1	4.4	62.1	24.3	5.3	96.2	2.2	0.2	2.4	1.4
20-40	:	-	0.1	8.4	62.0	20.7	5.1	96.3	2.3	0.2	2.5	1.2
40-60	:	-	0.1	5.8	57.7	24.1	6.0	93.7	4.3	0.6	4.9	1.4
60-80	:	-	0.0	5.3	57.1	24.9	6.8	94.1	2.9	1.2	4.1	1.8
80-100	:	-	0.2	5.6	51.5	28.7	8.0	94	2.9	0.8	3.7	2.3

Other physical data

Depth (cm)		Bulk Density (kg/dm³)	Spec. Surf. Area (m2/g)	COLE (cm/cm)	Water Disp. Clay (%)	Clay (%)
0-5	:	-	-	-	-	0.2
5-20	:	-	-	-	-	1.4
20-40	:	-	-	-	-	1.2
40-60	:	-	-	-	-	1.4
60-80	:	-	-	-	-	1.8
80-100	:	-	-	-	-	2.3

Chemical characteristics:

Depth (cm)		pH H2O	pH KCl	EC 1 : 2.5 (mS/cm)	CaCO3 (%)	Org. C (%)	Org. N (%)	C / N	Exch. Acid (cmol/kg)	Exch. Al (cmol/kg)	Ca (cmol/kg)	Mg (cmol/kg)	K (cmol/kg)	Sum Cations (cmol/kg)
0-5	:	7.1	6.1	0.04	9.4	0.26	0.01	26	-	-	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
5-20	:	7.4	6.1	0.03	10.9	0.21	0.01	21	-	-	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.3
20-40	:	7.3	6.0	0.02	0.6	0.21	0.01	21	-	-	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.4
40-60	:	7.7	6.0	0.03	0.5	0.16	0.01	16	-	-	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.5
60-80	:	7.4	6.0	0.03	0.5	0.10	0.01	10	-	-	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.5
80-100	:	7.6	6.1	0.03	0.9	0.10	0.01	10	-	-	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.5

Depth (cm)		CEC Soil (cmol/kg)	CEC Clay (cmol/kg)	CEC Org (cmol/kg)	ECEC (cmol/kg)	Base sat. (%)	Al sat. (%)
0-5	:	0.7	-	0.9	-	29	-
5-20	:	0.9	-	0.7	-	33	-
20-40	:	0.7	-	0.7	-	57	-
40-60	:	0.7	-	0.6	-	71	-
60-80	:	0.7	-	0.4	-	71	-
80-100	:	0.9	-	0.4	-	56	-

Depth (cm)		pH NaF	P Retention (%)	ODOE	Melanic Index	Fe o (wt%)	Al o (wt%)	Si o (wt%)	Fe d (wt%)	Al d (wt%)	Fe p (wt%)	Al p (wt%)	C p (wt%)
0-5	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.11	-	-	-	-
5-20	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.19	-	-	-	-
20-40	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.19	-	-	-	-
40-60	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.21	-	-	-	-
60-80	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.21	-	-	-	-
80-100	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.21	-	-	-	-

Elemental composition of the soil:

Depth (cm)		SiO2 (wt%)	Al2O3 (wt%)	Fe2O3 (wt%)	CaO (wt%)	MgO (wt%)	K2O (wt%)	Na2O (wt%)	TiO2 (wt%)
0-5	:	95.7	2.1	1.3	0.14	0.15	0.62	-	0.18
5-20	:	94.5	3.1	2.0	0.24	0.21	0.85	-	0.29
20-40	:	94.5	2.8	1.8	0.2	0.2	0.82	-	0.26
40-60	:	95.1	2.8	1.7	0.19	0.19	0.75	-	0.25
60-80	:	91.4	2.9	1.8	0.20	0.20	0.78	-	0.28
80-100	:	95.5	3.0	1.9	0.20	0.20	0.80	-	0.27

Depth (cm)		MnO2 (wt%)	P2O5 (wt%)	LOI (wt%)	SiO2 / Al2O3 (mol/mol)	SiO2 / Fe2O3 (mol/mol)	SiO2 / R (mol/mol)	Al2O3 / Fe2O3 (mol/mol)
0-5	:	0.01	0.02	0.6	77.3	196	55.5	2.5
5-20	:	0.02	0.02	0.7	51.7	125.6	36.6	2.4
20-40	:	0.02	0.03	0.7	57.3	139.8	40.6	2.4
40-60	:	0.01	0.01	0.6	57.6	148.9	41.6	2.6
60-80	:	0.01	0.01	0.7	53.5	135	38.3	2.5
80-100	:	0.01	0.01	0.6	54	133.6	38.5	2.5

Profile description:

C1 0-5 cm	yellowish red (5YR 5/8, dry), medium sand, single grain, loose, continuous thin sequioxide cutans around sand grains, many interstitial pores, few fine roots, non calcareous, abrupt smooth boundary to,
C2 5-20 cm	yellowish red (5YR 5/8, dry), medium sand, single grain, soft, continuous thin sequioxide cutans around sand grains, many interstitial pores, few fine roots, non calcareous, clear smooth boundary to,
C3 20-40 cm	red (2.5YR 5/8, dry), medium sand, single grain, soft, continuous thin sequioxide cutans around sand grains, many interstitial pores, few fine roots, non calcareous, gradual smooth boundary to,
C4 40-120 cm	red (2.5YR 5/8, dry), medium sand, single grain, loose, continuous thin sequioxide cutans around sand grains, many interstitial pores, few fine roots, non calcareous,

The main parent rock/ material over which the soil has been formed (1st entry)	sediment, unconsolidated
Mode of Accumulation or deposition of parent material (1st entry)	eolian sand
Texture of parent material (1st entry)	sandy
Weathering status of solid rock (1st entry)	highly
Resistance against weathering (solid rock) (1st entry)	high
Depth1 of lithological boundary	cm
The main parent rock/ material over which the soil has been formed (2nd entry)
Resistance against weathering (solid rock) (2nd entry)
Soil Depth; depth to which roots can easily penetrate throughout the year	200 cm
Remarks on Parent Materials	sand is supposed to be of Tertiary age

Soil erosion type (1st entry)	wind
Intensity of the soil erosion type (1st entry)	moderate
Occurrence of soil aggradation	present
Slope Stability	locally unstable

Current land use at the site	extensive grazing
Major crops
Main type of irrigation	no irrigation
Rotation scheme
Vegetation Type;The natural vegetation at the site	short grassland
Status of vegetation	primary
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: grass cover of 15-40%; very few scattered fully-grown trees

The altitude of the soil profile relative to mean sea level, specified in meters	1100 m asl
Regional landform	valley
Topography of the surrounding country	rolling
Physiographic Unit in the immediate surrounding of the site	dune field
The slope refers to the inclination of the land immediately surrounding the site. The measured or estimated slope angle is specified to the nearest per cent	4 %
The physiographic position of the site where the profile is located	middle slope
Form of the slope surrounding the site	convex
Slope Aspect of the site

Depth of groundwater table	cm
Groundwater Top	cm
Groundwater Bottom	cm
Kind of groundwater table	no groundwater table observed
Top Stagnating Layer	cm
Bottom Stagnating Layer	cm
Runoff	very rapid
Flooding frequency	never
Estimated permeablity (class) of least permeable part of the profile	high
Drainage Class	excessive
To Drainage Class
Moisture conditions of the profile: dry from -to	0-200 cm
Moisture conditions of the profile: moist from -to	cm
Wet From - To	cm

Microrelief type: small-scale differences in relief in the direct vicinity of the site
Microrelief Height
Rockiness	none
Stoniness	none
Average size of stones
Shape of stones (on average)
Cracks	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Evidence of salt	non-saline
Evidence of alkali	non-alkaline

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