Reference soil Nigeria 03: Ferric Luvisol

NG003

Distribution of Luvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil NG003: Ferric Luvisols

Profile forms part of IITA-LRD-ISM cooperative program. IITA Toposequence, profile no.144 map unit 6 ,Ed3 Examined 13 may 1975 by W.J. Veldkamp. (in thesis profile no. 4) Classification: INRA: Sol ferrallitique faiblement desature' typique indure' Remarks on soil classification: the laboratory data of profile 5 described in The Soils of IITA have been used for classification A.J. van Dam april 1983 Parent material: sandy and loamy very concretionary colluvial material and in situ weathered clayey material, probably derived from banded gneiss. Climatic data: Normal growing season (with dry period), dry days: 120, interm.days: 70, wet days: 175 Season begins on 7 march. Begin humid on 9 april. Humid period ends on 1 aug. Begin humid on 29 aug. Humid period (62 days) ends on 29 oct. End of season 7 nov. Total length of season is 246 days Brief general description of the soil: deep, moderately well drained brown very concretionary sandy soil covering at 1.2m depth in situ weathered clayey material. Vegetation: thicket with grasses, no oil palm or other trees, probably in use 6-7 years ago. Human influence: pieces of charcoal in relatively thick A-horizon. In horizon 2: Very few very small and small rounded quartz gravels. Few hard ironstone concretions. In horizon 3: Very frequent small and large hard knobbly ironstone concretions. Very few small (0.2 - 0.5cm) angular quartz gravels. Weakly cemented. In horizon 4: Very frequent small and large hard knobbly ironstone concretions. Very few small angular quartz gravels. Weakly cemented. In horizon 5: Dominant small and large hard knobbly ironstone concretions. Very few quartz gravels. Moderately cemented. In horizon 6: frequent small quartz gravels. Reference: Veldkamp, W.J., 1979 Land evaluation of valleys in a tropical rain area (a case study) Moormann, F.R. et al, 1975 The Soils of IITA Slides: ISRIC no. 2618, 2619

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Profile description

Ah1 0-24 cm	(dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist)loamy sand,weak fine subangular blocky and weak medium subangular blocky,very friable,common fine tubular pores and common many interstitial pores,clear smooth boundary to,
Ah2 24-36 cm	dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist)loamy coarse sand slightly gravelly,weak fine subangular blocky,very friable,many very fine very fine medium interstitial pores and very fine tubular pores,few hard ferruginous concretions,clear smooth boundary to,
37-73 cm	brown (7.5YR 5/4, moist)loamy sand very gravelly,very weak fine subangular blocky,very friable,patchy moderately thick cutans,many very fine fine tubular pores and many few medium interstitial pores,very frequent small hard ferruginous concretions large,weakly cemented plinthite pans,gradual irregular boundary to,
2Btc1 73-106 cm	(dark) brown (7.5YR 4/4, moist)sandy clay loam very gravelly,very weak medium subangular blocky,very friable,broken thick cutans,many common fine medium interstitial pores and few interstitial pores,very frequent small hard ferruginous concretions large,very few medium gravel quartz fragments,weakly cemented plinthite pans,clear wavy boundary to,
2Btc2 106-124 cm	(dark) brown (7.5YR 4/4, moist)sandy clay loam very gravelly,moderate fine angular blocky,sticky plastic,common fine distinct clear mottles,continuous thick cutans,few fine to coarse interstitial pores,dominant small hard ferruginous concretions large,very few medium gravel quartz fragments,weakly cemented plinthite pans,clear wavy boundary to,
2C 124-190 cm	light brown (7.5YR 6/4, moist)sandy clay loam gravelly,strong fine angular blocky and strong medium angular blocky,sticky plastic,many fine distinct diffuse mottles,continuous thick cutans,few fine interstitial pores,frequent stones quartz fragments,

Depth1	120cm
Kind 2 (parent material) (second entry); Parker (eds), 1984	gneiss
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	colluvial
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material (second entry)	residual material
Remarks on Parent Materials	highly concretionary
Soil Depth	106cm
Texture of parent material	clayey
Texture of parent material (second entry)	mixed
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock (second entry)	highly

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	(semi-)natural vegetation
Rotation scheme ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	shifting - fallow bush
Status of vegetation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	degraded
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	shrub

Altitude	207m
Physiographic position of the site	lower slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	low hill
Slope	5%
Slope Aspect	south-west
Form of the slope surrounding the site	convex
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	undulating

Lower limit of a slow permeable or stagnating layer in the profile	190cm
Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	moderately well
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
(Estimated) maximum (lower) depth to groundwater table	130cm
Depth to groundwater table	100cm
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	apparent
(Estimated) minimum (upper) depth to groundwater table	0cm
Moist From - To	100-190cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Upper limit of a slow permeable or stagnating layer in the profile	120cm

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Microrelief pattern	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline

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Reference soil Nigeria 03: Ferric Luvisol

Reference soil NG003: Ferric Luvisols

Classification