Reference soil Nigeria 05: Chromic Luvisol

NG005

Distribution of Luvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil NG005: Chromic Luvisols

Authors: Moormann, Murdoch, van Baren. Location: On IART survey traverse 8, chain, approximately 100m E of road. Land use: Forest cleared 1974 for two maize crops. INRA classification: Sol ferralitique faiblement desature typique modale Additional notes on profile description: A1: Structure below 1-2cm moderate fine subangular blocky; pores: in lower part medium fine tubular random inped; few coarse roots; weathering amphibolite stones and gravels with 2-3 mm reddish skin and blackish interior. B1: Few subrounded amphibolite stones and boulders. B2t: Yellowish and blackish mottles. B3: Yellowish, blackish and reddish mottles. C+B: Yellowish mottles. Brief description of the profile: Deep red clay soil with an indistinct A1 horizon, increasingly saprolithic with depth. Isoya toposequence, profile no. 075. Profile forms part of the IITA-LRD-ISM Co-operative Program. The mottling in the sapropelic material is assumed not to qualify as a ferric property in the FAO classification. Alternative: Ferric Luvisol. References: Forbes, T.R.: A West African soil climosequence and some aspects of foodcrop potential. A thesis for the Degree of Master of Science. Cornell University, August 1975. Murdoch, G.; Moormann, F.R.: Identification of soil toposequences in the humid tropics of West Africa. Foreign and Commonwealth Office - Overseas Development Administration, miscellaneous report 178. Surbiton, Surrey, England 1974. Ola, S.A.: Tropical soils of Nigeria in engineering practice. University of Benin, Benin City. Rotterdam 1983. Smyth, A.J.; Montgomery, A.F.: Soils and land use in Central Western Nigeria. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Ibadan 1962. Vine, H.: Review of work on Nigerian soils. Report to the National Research Council, Committee on Tropical Soils. University of Leicester, June 1970.

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Profile description

Ah 0-10 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3, moist)clay slightly gravelly,moderate fine subangular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many fine interstitial pores,few fine gravel weathered see remarks few medium gravel weathered see remarks fragments,frequent channels,gradual smooth boundary to,
BA 10-27 cm	reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4, moist)clay gravelly,strong fine subangular blocky,firm sticky plastic,broken thin unspecified in root channels and pores cutans,many fine inped tubular random pores,few large spherical ferruginous concretions few large spherical manganiferous concretions,many fine gravel weathered few weathered quartz (veins) fragments,few channels,gradual wavy boundary to,
Bt 27-98 cm	red (2.5YR 4/6, moist)clay gravelly,strong fine subangular blocky,firm sticky plastic,many fine distinct sharp mottles,broken thin unspecified in root channels and pores cutans,many fine inped tubular random pores and few inped tubular random pores,few spherical ferruginous concretions few spherical manganiferous concretions,frequent weathered few weathered quartz angular fragments,few channels,diffuse wavy boundary to,
98-159 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist)sandy clay gravelly,moderate fine subangular blocky,firm slightly sticky plastic,many fine distinct clear mottles,broken thin unspecified cutans,many fine inped tubular random pores and few inped tubular random pores,frequent large boulders weathered some boulders fragments,few channels,diffuse wavy boundary to,
C+B 159-190 cm	dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6, moist)clay loam gravelly,moderate fine subangular blocky,firm slightly sticky plastic,many fine distinct mottles,broken thin unspecified cutans,many fine inped tubular random pores and few inped tubular random pores,frequent fragments,

Kind 2 (parent material) (second entry); Parker (eds), 1984	metamorphic rock
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	colluvial
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material (second entry)	residual material
Remarks on Parent Materials	residual quartz vein
Texture of parent material	clayey
Texture of parent material (second entry)	clayey
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	highly
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock (second entry)	highly

Major crops	oil palm
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	(semi-)natural vegetation
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Bamboo, Awoa-, Oriro-, Iroko-trees
Status of vegetation; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	secondary
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	woodland

Altitude	300m
Physiographic Unit	rolling landscp. steeper hills
Physiographic position of the site	middle slope
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	hill
Slope	30%
Slope Aspect	west-north-west
Form of the slope surrounding the site	straight
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	rolling

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	well
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	no groundwater table observed
Moist From - To	0-190cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate

Micro relief type: small-scale differences in relief in the direct vicinity of the site (FAO, 1986)	level
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	very rocky
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	very stony

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Reference soil Nigeria 05: Chromic Luvisol

Reference soil NG005: Chromic Luvisols

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