Reference soil Poland 09: Fluvisol

PL009

Fluvisols typically are young soils in alluvial, deltaic, lacustrine, or marine deposits, and occur all over the world.

Characteristics

Soils having fluvic soil material starting within 25 cm from the soil surface and continuing to a depth of at least 50 cm from the soil surface. They have no diagnostic horizons other than a histic, mollic, ochric, takyric, umbric, yermic, salic, or sulfuric horizon.

Distribution of Fluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil PL009: Fluvisols

Classification

WRB 2014

Fluvisol

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Eutric Fluvisol

Local classification:	Mada rzeczna/brunatna

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
10-20	-	0.2	0.3	1.3	7.1	6.3	15.2	25.4	27.2	52.6	32.2
35-45	-	0	0.1	0.5	3.1	2.7	6.4	18.6	36.9	55.5	38
70-80	-	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.3	1.9	14.3	37.3	51.6	46.2
80-90	-	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	1.1	1.7	33.3	35.3	68.6	29.6
120-130	-	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.8	19.2	44.7	63.9	35.2

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
10-20	-	-	-	-	32.2
35-45	-	-	-	-	38
70-80	-	-	-	-	46.2
80-90	-	-	-	-	29.6
120-130	-	-	-	-	35.2

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
10-20	7.5	6.8	0.3	13.5	1.46	0.18	8	-	-	27.8	1.7	0.7	0.1	30.3
35-45	7.4	6.5	0.28	13.2	1.19	0.16	7	-	-	30.9	2.8	0.4	0.1	34.2
70-80	6.8	5.8	0.29	13.8	0.87	0.13	7	-	-	35.8	6.2	0.3	0.2	42.5
80-90	6.4	5.3	0.24	3.5	0.53	0.07	8	-	-	18.3	3.7	0.2	0.1	22.3
120-130	6.2	5.1	0.23	2.2	0.70	0.09	8	-	-	22.2	4.4	0.3	0.1	27

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
10-20	105	28.8	89	5.1	-	-	0
35-45	123	27.8	73	4.2	-	-	0
70-80	119	35.7	77	3.0	-	-	1
80-90	112	20.0	68	1.9	-	-	1
120-130	110	24.5	70	2.5	-	-	0

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
10-20	-	very weak	-	-	-	-	weak	weak	-	weak	strong	-
70-80	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	weak	-	very weak to weak	very strong	very weak to weak
120-130	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak	weak	-	very weak to weak	very strong	very weak to weak

Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	fluvial
Remarks on Parent Materials	Holocene age

Major crops	sugar beet
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	arable farming

Altitude	3m
Physiographic Unit	Vistula delta
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	delta
Slope	0%

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Reference soil Poland 09: Fluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil PL009: Fluvisols

Classification