Reference soil Spain 25: Gypsisol

ES025

Soil type characteristics:

Gypsisols occur in the dry parts of the semi-arid regions where evapotranspiration exceeds considerably the precipitation, and where a source of sulphate is present to form gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O).

Characteristics

Soils having a (petro-)gypsic horizon (horizon with accumulation of secondary gypsum) or 15 percent or more gypsum accumulated under wet conditions. They have no diagnostic horizons other than an ochric or cambic horizon, an argic horizon permeated with gypsum or calcium carbonate, or a (petro-)calcic horizon below the gypsic horizon.

Distribution of Gypsisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

WRB 2015

Gypsisol

10-60 cm	calcic horizon
27-60 cm	gypsic horizon

Location:

Boix, Lleida

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Physical

Particle size distribution:

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-10	-	0.378	0.535	0.535	0.944	13.223	15.5	17.6	24.895	42.5	41.955
10-27	-	0.69	5.813	10.345	8.473	6.601	31.9	3.6	35.988	39.6	28.474
27-43	-	0	0.073	0.291	0.581	7.632	8.6	26.6	35.303	61.9	29.468
43-60	-	0	0.255	0.764	2.375	10.52	14	16.2	29.968	46.2	39.844
60-100	-	0.125	0.204	0.526	2.934	8.528	12.2	20.2	36.748	56.9	30.867

Other physical data

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-10	-	-	-	-	41.955
10-27	-	-	-	-	28.474
27-43	-	-	-	-	29.468
43-60	-	-	-	-	39.844
60-100	-	-	-	-	30.867

Chemical characteristics:

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-10	7.85	7.11	2.745	15.288	4.085	0.238	17.152	-	-	388.184	1.355	0.276	0	389.9
10-27	8.05	7.55	2.376	2.352	0.398	0.02	19.95	-	-	323.483	0.296	0	0	323.8
27-43	8.15	7.29	2.406	4.275	0.216	0.06	3.54	-	-	346.035	0.625	0	0	346.6
43-60	8.18	7.63	2.305	3.799	0.154	0	-	-	-	350.169	0.923	0.024	0	351.1
60-100	8.28	7.72	2.441	7.001	0.04	0.031	1.226	-	-	371.323	1.292	0.099	0	372.7

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-10	100	13.667	-	-	-	-	-
10-27	100	0.658	-	-	-	-	-
27-43	100	0.993	-	-	-	-	-
43-60	100	1.448	-	-	-	-	-
60-100	100	1.782	-	-	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	CaSO4.2H2O %	P Bray mg/kg	P Olsen mg/kg	pH CaCl2	clay_noncarbonate % w/w	clay_carbonate % w/w	phosphorus4 mg/kg	phosphorus1 mg/kg	total_sulfur % w/w
0-10	52.851	-	0.903	7.78	38.207	3.748	-	-	10.653
10-27	93.599	-	-	7.92	16.746	11.728	-	-	17.406
27-43	93.994	-	-	8.01	20.815	8.652	-	-	16.48
43-60	87.236	-	-	8.02	39.844	0	-	-	17.525
60-100	80.504	-	-	8.17	24.261	6.606	-	-	15.661

Age of the land Surface	lPf
Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	SE1
Remarks on Parent Materials	Gypsiferous material

Land improvements ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	VU
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	FP
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Species: Pinus halepensis since 1960
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	FC

Altitude	513m
Physiographic Unit	LS
Slope	06%
Slope Aspect	SW
Form of the slope surrounding the site	V

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	W
Depth to groundwater table	> 200 cm

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Reference soil Spain 25: Gypsisol

Characteristics