Reference soil Sweden 09: Podzol

SE009

Podzols mainly occur in cool temperate and moist regions on coarse textured materials. Areas of Podzols have also been recorded from wet, tropical regions, notably the Amazon basin, southern central Africa and southeast Asia.

Characteristics

Soils having a spodic horizon (a dark coloured subsurface horizon with illuvial amorphous alumino-organic substances) within 200 cm from the soil surface, underlying an albic, histic, umbric or ochric horizon, or an anthropedogenic horizon less than 50 cm thick. Podzols are probably the most extensively researched group of soils.

Distribution of Podzols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil SE009: Podzol

Classification

WRB 2014

Podzol

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-7	-	-	-	-	-	-	85.2	9.4	5.4	14.8	0
7-10	-	-	-	-	-	-	82.3	11.1	4.7	15.8	1.9
17-27	-	-	-	-	-	-	84.1	8.7	5.8	14.5	1.4
27-38	-	-	-	-	-	-	79.8	14	5.4	19.4	0.8
45-60	-	-	-	-	-	-	35	26.3	35.9	62.2	2.8
60-70	-	-	-	-	-	-	62.2	22.2	14.2	36.4	1.4
72-105	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.1	37.4	49.1	86.5	3.4

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-7	-	-	-	-	0
7-10	-	-	-	-	1.9
17-27	-	-	-	-	1.4
27-38	-	-	-	-	0.8
45-60	-	-	-	-	2.8
60-70	-	-	-	-	1.4
72-105	-	-	-	-	3.4

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-7	4.4	3.2	0.06	-	0.44	0.03	15	-	-	0.0	0.1	0	0.0	0.1
7-10	4.5	3.6	0.09	-	1.46	0.06	24	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
17-27	5.0	4.0	0.07	-	0.56	0.03	19	-	-	0.0	0.0	0	0.0	0
27-38	4.7	4.0	0.06	-	0.22	0.01	22	-	-	0.0	0.0	0	0.0	0
45-60	5.3	4.0	0.03	-	0.29	0.01	29	-	-	0.1	0.0	0	0.0	0.1
60-70	5.5	4.6	0.02	-	0.08	0.01	8	-	-	0.1	0.0	0	0.0	0.1
72-105	5.8	4.5	0.02	-	0.17	0.01	17	-	-	0.2	0.0	0	0.0	0.2

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-7	4	2.6	-	1.5	-	-	-
7-10	1	14.3	753	5.1	-	-	-
17-27	0	3.1	221	2.0	-	-	-
27-38	0	1.6	200	0.8	-	-	-
45-60	3	3.1	111	1.0	-	-	-
60-70	7	1.4	100	0.3	-	-	-
72-105	8	2.5	74	0.6	-	-	-

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Reference soil Sweden 09: Podzol

Characteristics

Reference soil SE009: Podzol

Classification