Reference soil Togo 01: Fluvisol

TG001

Fluvisols typically are young soils in alluvial, deltaic, lacustrine, or marine deposits, and occur all over the world.

Characteristics

Soils having fluvic soil material starting within 25 cm from the soil surface and continuing to a depth of at least 50 cm from the soil surface. They have no diagnostic horizons other than a histic, mollic, ochric, takyric, umbric, yermic, salic, or sulfuric horizon.

Distribution of Fluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil TG001: Fluvisol

Classification

WRB 2014

Fluvisol

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-20	0	0	0.7	20.1	52	12.7	85.5	6.4	4	10.4	4
20-37	0	0.2	0.8	22.4	50.3	8.9	82.6	5.5	4.1	9.6	7.9
37-75	0	0.2	0.8	16.8	34.5	8.9	61.2	5.5	4.8	10.3	28.6
75-95	1	0.2	0.9	16.8	32.1	7.1	57.1	5.4	6.6	12	30.9
95-119	3	0.4	1.1	15.9	30.9	9.8	58.1	6.7	6.7	13.3	28.4

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-20	1.53	-	-	-	4
20-37	1.66	-	-	-	7.9
37-75	1.55	-	-	-	28.6
75-95	-	-	-	-	30.9
95-119	1.51	-	-	-	28.4

Other physical data

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	pF 0 % v/v	pF 1.0 % v/v	pF 1.5 % v/v	pF 2.0 % v/v	pF 2.3 % v/v	pF 2.7 % v/v	pF 3.4 % v/v	pF 4.2 % v/v
0-20	1.53	38.7	36.8	29.3	13.8	12.2	10.8	4	2.8
20-37	1.66	31.6	30.5	27.4	13.6	10.9	9.4	5.3	4.1
37-75	1.55	36.7	33.6	29.1	24.7	22.8	20.5	16.8	14.7
95-119	1.51	37	32	27.5	23.4	21.4	19.2	16.5	14.2

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-20	5.2	4.9	0.09	-	0.37	-	-	0	0	1.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	1.9
20-37	5.4	4.9	0.03	-	0.19	-	-	0	0	0.8	0.3	0.1	0.0	1.2
37-75	4.8	4.0	0.01	-	0.18	-	-	1.2	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.1	0.0	2
75-95	4.7	4.1	0.01	-	0.14	-	-	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.1	0.1	0.0	2.7
95-119	4.8	4.2	0.01	-	0.11	-	-	0.8	0.4	1.5	1.1	0.1	0.0	2.7

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-20	95	2.0	50	1.3	-	0	-
20-37	109	1.1	14	0.7	-	0	-
37-75	44	4.5	16	0.6	-	20	-
75-95	63	4.3	14	0.5	-	16	-
95-119	77	3.5	12	0.4	-	11	-

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
0-20	-	-	-	-	-	-	weak to medium	very weak to weak	very weak to weak	strong	-	-
37-75	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	-	strong to very strong	very weak to weak	very weak	weak	-	-
95-119	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	-	strong to very strong	very weak to weak	very weak	weak	-	-

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Reference soil Togo 01: Fluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil TG001: Fluvisol

Classification