Reference soil Turkey 10: Calcisol

TR010

Calcisols occur in regions with distinct dry seasons, as well as in dry areas where carbonate-rich groundwater comes near the surface.

Characteristics

Soils having a (petro-)calcic horizon (horizon with accumulation of secondary calcium carbonates). In addition, they have no diagnostic horizons other than an ochric or cambic horizon, a calcareous argic horizon, or a gypsic horizon beneath a petrocalcic horizon.

Distribution of Calcisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil TR010: Calcisols

ADDITIONAL NOTES ON PROFILE DESCRIPTION: B3 - distinct slickensides.

Classification

WRB 2014

Calcisol

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Luvic Calcisol

Calcic Luvisol

- cm	argic B horizon
- cm	calcic horizon
- cm	ochric A horizon

- cm	argillic B horizon
- cm	calcic horizon
- cm	ochric A horizon

Local classification:	Red Mediterranean Soil

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)

Calcic Rhodoxeralf

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	0	0.1	0.6	2	1.8	4.5	10.2	19.6	29.8	65.7
15-50	-	0	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.7	1.6	3.8	8.8	12.6	85.8
50-75	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.4	1.7	3.2	4.9	94.7
75-102	-	0.6	8.4	6.4	4.9	1.4	21.7	8	9.4	17.4	60.9

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-15	-	-	-	-	65.7
15-50	-	-	-	-	85.8
50-75	-	-	-	-	94.7
75-102	-	-	-	-	60.9

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-15	7.5	6.6	0.38	0.3	2.97	0.22	14	-	-	32.9	2.0	0.9	0.4	36.2
15-50	7.5	6.5	0.4	0.4	0.86	0.11	8	-	-	40.4	1.6	0.7	0.6	43.3
50-75	7.9	6.9	0.41	21.1	0.46	0.09	5	-	-	43.3	1.4	0.6	0.4	45.7
75-102	8.2	7.2	0.26	47.7	0.29	0.05	6	-	-	26.1	0.7	0.4	0.4	27.6

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-15	72	50.5	77	10.4	-	-	-
15-50	85	51	59	3.0	-	-	-
50-75	112	40.9	43	1.6	-	-	-
75-102	149	18.5	30	1.0	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
0-15	-	-	-	-	-	5.23	-	-	-	-	-
15-50	-	-	-	-	-	6.8	-	-	-	-	-
50-75	-	-	-	-	-	6.12	-	-	-	-	-
75-102	-	-	-	-	-	1.76	-	-	-	-	-

Profile description

Ah 0-15 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4, dry) dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3, moist)silty clay loam,strong coarse angular blocky,very hard firm sticky plastic,abrupt smooth boundary to,
B 15-50 cm	dark red (2.5YR 3/6, dry) dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4, moist)clay,strong coarse angular blocky,very hard firm very sticky plastic,clay on pedfaces cutans,abrupt smooth boundary to,
50-75 cm	(2.5YR 3.5/6, dry) dark red (2.5YR 3/6, moist)clay,moderate medium subangular blocky,hard friable very sticky plastic,thin clay cutans,clear wavy boundary to,
Ck 75-102 cm	(7.5YR 6.5/8, dry) reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6, moist)clay loam,massive,very hard friable sticky plastic,hard calcareous concretions,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	limestone
Remarks on Parent Materials	travertine
Soil Depth	102cm

Major crops	olive
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Maki(Mediteranean type) and wild olives
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	semi-deciduous shrub

Altitude	39m
Physiographic Unit	terrace
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

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Reference soil Turkey 10: Calcisol

Characteristics

Reference soil TR010: Calcisols

Classification