Reference soil Turkey 11: Calcisol

TR011

Calcisols occur in regions with distinct dry seasons, as well as in dry areas where carbonate-rich groundwater comes near the surface.

Characteristics

Soils having a (petro-)calcic horizon (horizon with accumulation of secondary calcium carbonates). In addition, they have no diagnostic horizons other than an ochric or cambic horizon, a calcareous argic horizon, or a gypsic horizon beneath a petrocalcic horizon.

Distribution of Calcisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil TR011: Calcisols

ADDITIONAL NOTES ON PROFILE DESCRIPTION: B2 - some lime accumulation. B3ca - strong lime accumulation. C2 - marl.

Classification

WRB 2014

Calcisol

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Haplic Calcisol

Calcic Cambisol

- cm	calcic horizon
- cm	cambic B horizon
- cm	ochric A horizon

- cm	calcic horizon
- cm	cambic B horizon
- cm	ochric A horizon

Local classification:	Brown Soil

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-17	-	0.9	3.6	5	12.3	5.8	27.6	13.4	14.1	27.5	44.9
17-35	-	1	3.7	5.1	12.2	8.4	30.4	11.9	13.6	25.5	44.1
35-58	-	1.2	3.8	4.8	11.3	7.4	28.5	10.3	13.8	24.1	47.4
58-80	-	0.8	3.5	5.1	12.4	7.5	29.3	10.7	12.5	23.2	47.5
80-93	-	1.1	4.4	5.3	13	8.8	32.6	9.7	12.5	22.2	45.2
93-120	-	0.9	4.2	5	12.9	8.3	31.3	9.8	13.3	23.1	45.6

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-17	-	-	-	-	44.9
17-35	-	-	-	-	44.1
35-58	-	-	-	-	47.4
58-80	-	-	-	-	47.5
80-93	-	-	-	-	45.2
93-120	-	-	-	-	45.6

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-17	8.1	7.3	0.38	28.1	0.77	0.09	9	-	-	19.7	3.1	0.9	0.4	24.1
17-35	8.2	7.3	0.36	30.5	0.45	0.07	6	-	-	16.6	1.3	0.5	0.2	18.6
35-58	8.2	7.3	0.39	32.3	0.21	0.06	4	-	-	34.2	3.9	0.4	0.2	38.7
58-80	8.2	7.3	0.39	36.8	0.38	0.06	6	-	-	30.0	3.6	0.4	0.2	34.2
80-93	8.3	7.5	0.31	52.2	0.26	0.05	5	-	-	26.2	4.4	0.3	0.1	31
93-120	8.3	7.5	0.33	51.3	0.10	0.04	3	-	-	15.9	2.6	0.3	0.1	18.9

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-17	88	27.5	61	2.7	-	-	-
17-35	72	25.7	58	1.6	-	-	-
35-58	151	25.7	54	0.7	-	-	-
58-80	133	25.7	54	1.3	-	-	-
80-93	173	17.9	40	0.9	-	-	-
93-120	117	16.2	36	0.4	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
0-17	-	-	-	-	-	0.74	-	-	-	-	-
17-35	-	-	-	-	-	0.75	-	-	-	-	-
35-58	-	-	-	-	-	0.59	-	-	-	-	-
58-80	-	-	-	-	-	0.6	-	-	-	-	-
80-93	-	-	-	-	-	0.44	-	-	-	-	-
93-120	-	-	-	-	-	0.44	-	-	-	-	-

Profile description

Ap 0-17 cm	light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4, dry) dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist)loam,moderate fine granular,hard friable non sticky slightly plastic,abrupt smooth boundary to,
Ah 17-35 cm	pale brown (10YR 6/3, dry) (10YR 4/3.5, moist)clay loam,strong medium granular,hard friable slightly sticky plastic,clear wavy boundary to,
B 35-58 cm	(10YR 5.5/3, dry) dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist)clay loam,strong coarse subangular blocky,hard friable sticky plastic,clay on pedfaces cutans,clear wavy boundary to,
58-80 cm	(10YR 5.5/3, dry) yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, moist)silty clay loam,moderate coarse subangular blocky,hard friable sticky very plastic,patchy clay cutans,clear wavy boundary to,
Ck 80-93 cm	very pale brown (10YR 7/3, dry) yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, moist)silt loam,weak coarse subangular blocky,slightly hard friable slightly sticky plastic,clear wavy boundary to,
C 93-120 cm	very pale brown (10YR 8/4, dry) very pale brown (10YR 7/4, moist)silt loam gravelly,slightly hard friable slightly sticky plastic,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	marl
Soil Depth	120cm
Texture of parent material (second entry)	gravelly

Major crops	wheat
Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	fallow
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Short grass and legumes;wheat summer rot
Rotation scheme ; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	crop with current fallow
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	short grassland

Altitude	1000m
Physiographic Unit	lower terrace
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	undulating

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Reference soil Turkey 11: Calcisol

Characteristics

Reference soil TR011: Calcisols

Classification