Reference soil Turkey 15: Regosol

TR015

Regosols are found in areas where soil has been eroded to the extent that the underlying unconsolidated materials come near to the surface, or where soil formation has not played an important role, e.g. in desert regions. The name comes from the greek 'rhegos' :blanket meaning young soils on weathering materials.

Characteristics

Soils in medium and fine textured materials, having no distinctive horizons other than an ochric horizon at the surface.

Distribution of Regosols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil TR015: Regosols

Classification

WRB 2014

Regosol

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Calcaric Regosol

- cm	ochric A horizon

- cm	ochric A horizon

Local classification:	Rendzina

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)	Typic Calcixeroll
USDA-SCS (1975)	Typic Rendoll

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Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-31	-	0.1	0.2	0.7	3.2	6.1	10.3	10.3	40.8	51.1	38.6
31-42	-	0.2	0.9	0.6	2.8	0.9	5.4	9.8	22.6	32.4	62.2
42-95	-	0	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.6	1.8	5.5	23.3	28.8	69.4

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-31	-	-	-	-	38.6
31-42	-	-	-	-	62.2
42-95	-	-	-	-	69.4

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-31	7.7	7.0	0.59	9	3.07	0.30	10	-	-	52.3	2.0	2.8	0.5	57.6
31-42	8.1	7.1	0.34	52.2	0.55	0.08	7	-	-	33.2	0.7	0.7	0.2	34.8
42-95	8.2	7.2	0.28	67.8	0.43	0.05	9	-	-	33.4	0.4	0.3	0.1	34.2

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-31	-	-	-	10.7	-	-	-
31-42	-	-	-	1.9	-	-	-
42-95	-	-	-	1.5	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
0-31	-	-	-	-	-	0.46	-	-	-	-	-
31-42	-	-	-	-	-	0.37	-	-	-	-	-
42-95	-	-	-	-	-	0.3	-	-	-	-	-

Elemental composition of the soil

Depth (cm)	Al2O3 % w/w	CaO % w/w	Fe2O3 % w/w	K2O % w/w	MgO % w/w	Na2O % w/w	SiO2 % w/w	TiO2 % w/w
0-31	12.4	5.99	3.3	1.82	1.86	-	52.6	0.42
31-42	6.4	32.04	2.2	0.93	1.25	-	22.9	0.21
42-95	7.8	27.91	2.4	1.08	1.28	-	29.3	0.25

Depth (cm)	Al2O3/Fe2O3 mol/mol	LOI % w/w	MnO2 % w/w	P2O5 % w/w	SiO2 / Al2O3 mol/mol	SiO2/Fe2O3 mol/mol	SiO2 / R mol/mol
0-31	5.9	21.6	0.22	0.07	7.2	42.4	6.2
31-42	4.6	29.9	0.13	0.12	6.1	27.7	5.0
42-95	5.1	27.4	0.13	0.11	6.4	32.5	5.3

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
0-31	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	weak to medium	strong	-
31-42	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	weak to medium	very strong	-
42-95	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	weak to medium	very strong	-

Profile description

Ah 0-31 cm	very dark grey (10YR 3/1, dry) very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist)clay,strong medium granular,very hard very friable very sticky plastic,clear smooth boundary to,
AC 31-42 cm	light brownish grey (2.5Y 6/2, dry)clay,moderate medium granular,hard firm sticky plastic,abrupt smooth boundary to,
C 42-95 cm	white (2.5Y 8/2, dry) pale yellow (5Y 7/3, moist)silty clay loam,massive,marl fragments,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	marl
Remarks on Parent Materials	marl
Texture of parent material (second entry)	clayey

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	mixed farming
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Scattered oak trees and shrubs

Altitude	100m
Physiographic Unit	upland
Slope	7%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	hilly

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Reference soil Turkey 15: Regosol

Characteristics

Reference soil TR015: Regosols

Classification