Reference soil Netherlands 10: Fluvisol

NL010

Fluvisols typically are young soils in alluvial, deltaic, lacustrine, or marine deposits, and occur all over the world.

Characteristics

Soils having fluvic soil material starting within 25 cm from the soil surface and continuing to a depth of at least 50 cm from the soil surface. They have no diagnostic horizons other than a histic, mollic, ochric, takyric, umbric, yermic, salic, or sulfuric horizon.

Distribution of Fluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil NL010: Fluvisol

LAND USE AND DRAINAGE: controlled polder water in ditches spaced 80-100m apart. The fields have a ridge-and-furrow system, spaced 10-15m. REFERENCE: "Soil excursion in the vicinity of Wageningen", soil B-NL10.

Classification

WRB 1998

Humi-Gleyic- Fluvisol (Eutric)

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

GleyiEutric Fluvisol

Eutric Fluvisol

Local classification:	Poldervaaggrond

Other classification

USDA-NRCS (1999)	Typic Fluvaquent
USDA-SCS (1975)	Typic Fluvaquent aquic clayey illitic mesic

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-7	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	47.7
7-20	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.8	-	-	38.9	55.3
20-40	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.8	-	-	36.8	59.4
40-53	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.6	-	-	30.5	67.9
53-72	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.6	-	-	42.6	55.8
72-80	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.5	-	-	38.1	58.4
80-100	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.4	-	-	47.2	51.4
100-110	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.4	-	-	27.2	72.4
110-120	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	37	62

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-7	-	-	-	-	47.7
7-20	-	-	-	-	55.3
20-40	-	-	-	-	59.4
40-53	-	-	-	-	67.9
53-72	-	-	-	-	55.8
72-80	-	-	-	-	58.4
80-100	-	-	-	-	51.4
100-110	-	-	-	-	72.4
110-120	-	-	-	-	62

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-7	-	6.0	-	0.2	5.26	0.59	9	-	-	37.8	6.4	0.7	0.1	45
7-20	-	5.4	-	0.1	3.24	0.37	9	-	-	35.2	5.4	0.4	0.2	41.2
20-40	-	5.5	-	0.1	1.19	0.16	7	-	-	41.4	6.4	0.5	0.1	48.4
40-53	-	5.8	-	0.1	1.61	0.17	9	-	-	40.4	5.2	1.3	0.3	47.2
53-72	-	5.7	-	0.1	0.81	0.10	8	-	-	40.6	3.4	0.6	0.1	44.7
72-80	-	6.0	-	0.1	1.28	0.12	11	-	-	34.0	1.6	1.1	0.1	36.8
80-100	-	5.9	-	0.1	0.81	0.09	9	-	-	47.4	4.6	1.2	0.2	53.4
100-110	-	6.1	-	0.1	4.09	0.24	17	-	-	50.4	4.0	1.2	0.2	55.8
110-120	-	6.0	-	0.1	1.72	0.18	10	-	-	56.6	5.0	1.8	0.1	63.5

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-7	149	30.3	64	19.8	-	-	-
7-20	139	29.6	54	11.3	-	-	-
20-40	160	30.3	51	4.2	-	-	-
40-53	137	34.4	51	5.6	-	-	-
53-72	173	25.8	46	2.8	-	-	-
72-80	110	33.6	58	4.5	-	-	-
80-100	206	25.9	50	2.8	-	-	-
100-110	150	37.2	51	14.3	-	-	-
110-120	143	44.4	72	6	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
0-7	-	-	-	-	-	2.7	-	-	-	-	1.2
7-20	-	-	-	-	-	3	-	-	-	-	1.4
20-40	-	-	-	-	-	3.4	-	-	-	-	0.8
40-53	-	-	-	-	-	2.1	-	-	-	-	0.4
53-72	-	-	-	-	-	2.6	-	-	-	-	1
72-80	-	-	-	-	-	4.2	-	-	-	-	2.3
80-100	-	-	-	-	-	3.7	-	-	-	-	2
100-110	-	-	-	-	-	1.6	-	-	-	-	0.8
110-120	-	-	-	-	-	1.7	-	-	-	-	0.8

Profile description

Ah1 0-7 cm	very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist)clay,weak very fine subangular blocky,friable sticky plastic,common very fine pores and common pores,many very fine and fine roots,non calcareous,clear smooth boundary to,
Ah2 7-20 cm	(10YR 3/2.5, moist)clay,moderate coarse prismatic parting to moderate fine angular blocky,friable sticky plastic,common very fine pores and common pores,common very fine and fine roots,non calcareous,clear smooth boundary to,
ACg 20-40 cm	(10YR 4.5/2, moist)clay,weak coarse prismatic parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky,friable sticky plastic,common fine distinct sharp mottles,few pores,few roots,non calcareous,abrupt smooth boundary to,
2Ahgi 40-53 cm	dark grey (10YR 4/1, moist)clay,weak coarse prismatic parting to strong medium angular blocky,friable sticky plastic,few fine faint mottles,patchy slickensides cutans,few pores,non calcareous,abrupt smooth boundary to,
2Cgi 53-72 cm	grey (10YR 5/1, moist)clay,strong coarse prismatic,friable sticky plastic,common fine distinct mottles,patchy slickensides cutans,few pores,non calcareous,abrupt smooth boundary to,
3Ahg 72-80 cm	dark grey (10YR 4/1, moist)clay,weak medium prismatic parting to moderate very fine angular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many fine prominent mottles,few pores,non calcareous,clear smooth boundary to,
3Cg 80-100 cm	grey (10YR 5/1, moist)clay,weak medium prismatic parting to moderate fine angular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many fine prominent mottles,non calcareous,abrupt smooth boundary to,
4Ahg 100-110 cm	very dark grey (10YR 3/1, moist)clay,moderate coarse prismatic,friable sticky plastic,non calcareous,clear boundary to,
4Cr 110-130 cm	greyish brown (10YR 5/2, moist)clay,moderate coarse prismatic,friable sticky plastic,non calcareous,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	mixed lithology and composition
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	fluvial
Remarks on Parent Materials	Holocene alluvial deposits of the Rhine-Waal system
Soil Depth	110cm
Texture of parent material (second entry)	clayey
Weathering Resistance	moderate
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	slight

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	cultivated pasture
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	Alternating pasture and meadow, both hay and sillage grass
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	herbaceous

Altitude	6m
Physiographic Unit	backswamp
Physiographic position of the site	flat
Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	alluvial plain
Slope	0%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	flat or almost flat

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	poor
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
(Estimated) maximum (lower) depth to groundwater table	100cm
Depth to groundwater table	110cm
Kind of ground water table (USDA, 1979)	groundwater table observed
(Estimated) minimum (upper) depth to groundwater table	30cm
Moist From - To	0-110cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	slow
Estimated run off (class)	very slow

Evidence of alkali ; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-alkaline
Rock outcrop class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none
Evidence of salt; Soil Survey Manual USDA, 1951	non-saline
Surface stoniness class (FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description)	none

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Reference soil Netherlands 10: Fluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil NL010: Fluvisol

Classification