Reference soil Peru 05: Fluvisol

PE005

Acrisols occur dominantly in the wetter parts of the tropics and subtropics and the warm temperate regions in relatively young landscapes.

Characteristics

Soils having an argic horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon), which has a cation exchange capacity of less than 24 cmolc per kg in some part, either starting within 100 cm from the soil surface, or within 200 cm from the soil surface if the argic horizon is overlain by loamy sand or coarser textures throughout. They have a base saturation (total amount of Ca, Mg, K and Na with respect to the cation exchange capacity) of less than 50 percent in the major part between 25 and 100 cm from the soil surface

Distribution of Fluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Deep, somewhat excessively drained, dark brown sandy loam with a clear stratification indicative for fluvial deposition. 1) The soil profile is located in the higher part of the floodplain of the Amazon river. Flooding frequency is not in all years, mainly restricted to years with above average discharge. " X " in the climate data refers to the cloud-cover in eights (Quistococha station) and atmosferic pressure in mb (Iquitos station).

WRB 2006:

WRB 1998:

Haplic Fluvisol(Calcaric)

Calcaric Fluvisol

calcaric material
fluvic material

0-13 cm	ochric horizon
	calcaric soil material
	fluvic soil material

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988:

FAO-UNESCO 1974:

Orthi-

Calcaric Fluvisol

0-13 cm	ochric A horizon
	fluvic properties

0-13 cm

ochric A horizon

Other classification

Classification (other)

Restinga alta

Location:

Loreto Region, El Cañaveral, Rio Amazonas at 5km from Iquitos

Physical

Particle size distribution:

Depth (cm)		Gravel (%)	Very Coarse Sand (%)	Coarse Sand (%)	Medium Sand (%)	Fine Sand (%)	Very Fine Sand (%)	Total Sand (%)	Coarse Silt (%)	Fine Silt (%)	Total Silt (%)	Clay (%)
0-5	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.2	8.4	43.3	52.1	27.8	10.2	38.0	10.0
5-13	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.3	17.8	50.4	68.7	18.8	5.3	24.1	7.3
13-51	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.1	3.2	34.6	38.1	37.6	12.3	49.9	12.1
51-61	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.3	28.8	45.1	74.4	13.6	5.3	18.9	6.7
61-87	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.3	3.9	48.9	53.3	27.8	8.8	36.6	10.1
87-95	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.3	13.6	33.5	47.6	25.9	13.1	39.0	13.4
95-121	:	-	0.1	0.2	0.3	33.6	39.7	73.9	13.4	6.2	19.6	6.5
121-134	:	-	0.1	0.1	0.3	13.6	33.5	47.6	25.9	13.1	39.0	13.4
134-150	:	-	0.1	0.2	0.3	33.6	39.7	73.9	13.4	6.2	19.6	6.5

Other physical data

Depth (cm)		Bulk Density (kg/dm³)	Spec. Surf. Area (m2/g)	COLE (cm/cm)	Water Disp. Clay (%)	Clay (%)
0-5	:	-	-	-	1.5	10.0
5-13	:	-	-	-	2.5	7.3
13-51	:	-	-	-	1.9	12.1
51-61	:	-	-	-	3.4	6.7
61-87	:	-	-	-	2.4	10.1
87-95	:	-	-	-	1.5	13.4
95-121	:	-	-	-	1.5	6.5
121-134	:	-	-	-	2.4	13.4
134-150	:	-	-	-	2.6	6.5

Chemical characteristics:

Depth (cm)		pH H2O	pH KCl	EC 1 : 2.5 (mS/cm)	CaCO3 (%)	Org. C (%)	Org. N (%)	C / N	Exch. Acid (cmol/kg)	Exch. Al (cmol/kg)	Ca (cmol/kg)	Mg (cmol/kg)	K (cmol/kg)	Na (cmol/kg)	Sum Cations (cmol/kg)
0-5	:	6.0	5.5	-	-	2.08	0.21	10	-	-	14.9	0.0	0.4	0.3	15.6
5-13	:	6.4	5.4	-	-	0.32	0.04	8	-	-	8.1	2.3	0.2	0.2	10.8
13-51	:	7.1	6.6	-	1.4	0.30	0.04	8	-	-	12.9	2.3	0.1	0.2	15.5
51-61	:	7.4	6.5	-	1.4	0.22	-	-	-	-	11.7	1.3	0.1	0.1	13.2
61-87	:	7.9	7.2	-	2.4	0.38	-	-	-	-	17.5	1.0	0.1	0.2	18.8
87-95	:	7.8	6.5	-	1.2	0.19	-	-	-	-	11.3	1.3	0.1	0.2	12.9
95-121	:	8.0	7.2	-	2.0	0.30	-	-	-	-	20.8	2.0	0.1	0.1	23.0
121-134	:	7.9	7.1	-	2.4	1.22	-	-	-	-	23.4	1.7	0.1	0.0	25.2
134-150	:	7.9	6.8	-	1.2	0.32	-	-	-	-	10.3	1.0	0.1	0.0	11.4

Depth (cm)		CEC Soil (cmol/kg)	CEC Clay (cmol/kg)	CEC Org (cmol/kg)	ECEC (cmol/kg)	Base sat. (%)	Al sat. (%)	ESP (%)
0-5	:	12.1	-	7.3	-	-	-	2
5-13	:	8.3	-	1.1	-	-	-	2
13-51	:	8.3	-	1.1	-	-	-	2
51-61	:	6.7	-	0.8	-	-	-	1
61-87	:	8.7	-	1.3	-	-	-	2
87-95	:	6.5	-	0.7	-	-	-	3
95-121	:	8.2	-	1.1	-	-	-	1
121-134	:	11.2	-	4.3	-	-	-	0
134-150	:	6.1	-	1.1	-	-	-	0

Clay mineralogy:

Depth (cm)		Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Vermiculite	Chlorite	Smec	Halloysite	Mixed layer	Quar	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Hematite
0-5	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
5-13	:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
13-51	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-
51-61	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-
61-87	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	medium to strong	-	-	-
87-95	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-
95-121	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-
121-134	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-
134-150	:	-	-	-	weak	strong	-	-	weak	weak	-	-	-

Profile description:

Ah1 0-5 cm	very dark greyish brown (10YR 3/2, moist), medium sandy loam, weak fine granular, very friable, frequent pedotubules, abrupt smooth boundary to,
Ah2 5-13 cm	dark brown (10YR 3/3, moist), fine sandy loam, weak fine granular, very friable, few pedotubules, clear smooth boundary to,
C1 13-54 cm	(dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist), loam, weakly coherent massive, very friable, abrupt wavy boundary to,
C2 54-70 cm	dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist), medium sandy loam, weakly coherent massive, very friable, abrupt wavy boundary to,
C3 70-87 cm	dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist), medium sandy loam, structureless single grain, loose, abrupt wavy boundary to,
Ahb1 87-95 cm	(dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist), loam, weakly coherent massive, very friable, abrupt wavy boundary to,
Ahb2 95-125 cm	dark brown (10YR 3/3, moist), medium sandy loam, structureless single grain, loose, abrupt wavy boundary to,
Cb1 125-140 cm	dark brown (10YR 3/3, moist), loam, weakly coherent massive, very friable, common fine faint diffuse mottles (5.0YR 4/6), abrupt wavy boundary to,
Cb2 140-150 cm	dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, moist), medium sandy loam, structureless single grain, loose,

The main parent rock/ material over which the soil has been formed (1st entry)	sediment, unconsolidated
Mode of Accumulation or deposition of parent material (1st entry)	fluvial
Texture of parent material (1st entry)	sandy
Resistance against weathering (solid rock) (1st entry)	moderate
Remarks on Parent Materials	Quaternary sediments

Soil erosion type (1st entry)
Occurrence of soil aggradation	absent
Slope Stability	stable

Current land use at the site	low level mixed farming
Major crops	fruit crops
Main type of irrigation	no irrigation
Rotation scheme	crop rotation scheme not relevant
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: Plantain, papaya and local fruit trees LANDUSE:

soil profile relative to mean sea level, specified in meters	120 m asl
Regional landform	floodplain
Topography of the surrounding country	flat or almost flat
Physiographic Unit in the immediate surrounding of the site	higher part of floodplain 1)
The slope refers to the inclination of the land immediately surrounding the site. The measured or estimated slope angle is specified to the nearest per cent	2 %
The physiographic position of the site where the profile is located	flat
Form of the slope surrounding the site	straight

Runoff	slow
Flooding frequency	irregular
Nature of floodwater	fresh
Estimated permeablity (class) of least permeable part of the profile	high
Drainage Class	somewhat excessive

Microrelief type: small-scale differences in relief in the direct vicinity of the site	level
Rockiness	none
Stoniness	none
Cracks	no cracks observed
Slaking of aggregates by tillage, rainfall or frost	no surface slaking/crusting observed
Evidence of salt	non-saline
Evidence of alkali	non-alkaline

You are here

Reference soil Peru 05: Fluvisol

Characteristics